Nokea
The health care provider prescribes glyburide for a patient, when diet and exercise have not been able to control type 2 diabetes. Which information will the nurse reinforce in the teaching plan about this medication?
- A. It is a substitute for insulin and acts by directly stimulating glucose uptake into the cell.
- B. It does not cause the hypoglycemic reactions that may occur with insulin use.
- C. It is thought to stimulate insulin production and increase sensitivity to insulin at receptor sites.
- D. It lowers blood sugar by inhibiting glucagon release from the liver, preventing gluconeogenesis.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oral hypoglycemics are compounds that stimulate the beta (β) cells in the pancreas to increase insulin release.
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A condition with a deficiency in growth hormone is called ___ dwarfism.
Correct Answer: hypopituitary
Rationale: A condition with a deficiency in growth hormone is called hypopituitary dwarfism. Most cases are idiopathic, but a small number can be attributed to an autosomal-recessive trait. In some cases, there is also a lack of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), TSH, and the gonadotropins.
Only ___ insulin can be administered intravenously.
Correct Answer: regular
Rationale: Insulin is given subcutaneously, although intravenous (IV) administration of regular insulin can be done when immediate onset of action is desired.
A patient has undergone tests that indicate a deficiency of the parathyroid hormone secretion. The nurse will inform the patient of which potential complication?
- A. Osteoporosis
- B. Lethargy
- C. Laryngeal spasms
- D. Kidney stones
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decreased parathyroid hormone levels in the bloodstream cause a decreased calcium level. Severe hypocalcemia may result in laryngeal spasm, stridor, cyanosis, and increased possibility of asphyxia.
Another term for hyperglycemic reaction is diabetic ___
Correct Answer: ketoacidosis
Rationale: Hyperglycemic reaction-the body eliminates the excess glucose by the kidneys releasing it in the urine. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) (acidosis accompanied by an accumulation of ketones in the blood), formerly called diabetic coma, may develop and the patient could die. DKA is a severe metabolic disturbance caused by an acute insulin deficiency, decreased peripheral glucose use, and increased fat mobilization and ketogenesis.
___ is the term that describes a condition of normal thyroid function.
Correct Answer: Euthyroid
Rationale: Euthyroid is the term that describes a condition of normal thyroid function.