Nokea
In diabetes insipidus, a deficiency of which hormone causes clinical manifestations?
- A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
- B. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- C. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
- D. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus develops when there is a decrease in production of ADH from the posterior pituitary or the action of ADH is diminished.
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When the nurse inflates the sphygmomanometer cuff exceeding the systolic blood pressure and observes a carpal spasm, this is a(n) ___ sign.
Correct Answer: Trousseau
Rationale: Trousseau's sign is a carpal spasm brought on by pressure of a cuff. This is an indicator for hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia.
Which action will the nurse take for the postoperative care of the patient who had a thyroidectomy?
- A. Assessing ability to speak by asking him or her to recite name and address every hour
- B. Maintaining anatomic position of the head when moving a patient
- C. Assisting a patient to hyperextend the head to assess for muscle damage
- D. Doing voice check every 2 hours
- E. Turning, coughing every hour
- F. Checking for bleeding at the sides and the back of the head
Correct Answer: B,D,F
Rationale: The nurse should hold the head in an anatomic position when moving the patient to prevent tension on the suture line, do a voice check every 2 to 4 hours by asking the patient to say 'ah'; the patient is not turned nor is coughing recommended immediately after a thyroidectomy.
To which diet should a patient with Cushing syndrome adhere?
- A. Less sodium
- B. More calories
- C. Less potassium
- D. More carbohydrates
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The diet should be lower in sodium to help decrease edema.
A 27-year-old patient with hypothyroidism is referred to the dietitian for dietary consultation. The nurse will reinforce instructions for which nutritional interventions?
- A. Frequent small meals high in carbohydrates
- B. Calorie-restricted meals
- C. Caffeine-rich beverages
- D. Fluid restrictions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A high-protein, high-fiber, lower calorie diet is given.
Which information should be obtained from the patient before treatment with iodine-131?
- A. Presence of metal in the body
- B. Allergy to sulfa drugs
- C. Status of possible pregnancy
- D. Use of prescription drugs for hypertension
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Iodine-131 is not a radiation hazard to the nonpregnant patient but is absolutely contraindicated during pregnancy. Pregnant nurses should not care for this patient for several days.