Nokea
Which test will furnish immediate feedback for a newly diagnosed diabetic who is not yet under control?
- A. Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
- B. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
- C. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
- D. Clinitest
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diabetics should do a finger-stick blood glucose level test before each meal and at bedtime each day until their disease is under control. The HbA1c serum test reveals the effectiveness of diabetes therapy for the preceding 8 to 12 weeks.
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Lispro has an onset of action within how many minutes?
- A. 90
- B. 60
- C. 15
- D. 45
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lispro begins to take effect in less than half the time of regular, fast-acting insulin. The new formula can be injected 15 minutes before a meal.
A condition with a deficiency in growth hormone is called ___ dwarfism.
Correct Answer: hypopituitary
Rationale: A condition with a deficiency in growth hormone is called hypopituitary dwarfism. Most cases are idiopathic, but a small number can be attributed to an autosomal-recessive trait. In some cases, there is also a lack of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), TSH, and the gonadotropins.
As the nurse is shaving a patient who is 2 days postoperative from a thyroidectomy, the patient has a spasm of the facial muscles. The nurse will recognize this as which sign?
- A. Chvostek sign
- B. Montgomery sign
- C. Trousseau sign
- D. Homans' sign
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The spasm of facial muscles when stimulated is the Chvostek sign, an indication of hypocalcemic tetany.
To which diet should a patient with Cushing syndrome adhere?
- A. Less sodium
- B. More calories
- C. Less potassium
- D. More carbohydrates
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The diet should be lower in sodium to help decrease edema.
A patient has come to the clinic because of enlarged hands and feet, amenorrhea, and increased hair growth. These symptoms most likely indicate problems with which endocrine gland?
- A. pituitary gland.
- B. adrenal glands.
- C. thyroid gland.
- D. pancreas.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pituitary gland may produce an overabundance of growth hormone. This overproduction of hormones may cause changes throughout the patient's body, including enlargement of the pituitary gland and hands and feet. Female patients may develop a deepened voice, increased facial hair growth, and amenorrhea. In a fully grown adult, this condition is acromegaly.