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The Hispanic client who has terminal cancer is requesting a curandero to come to the bedside. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Tell the client it is against policy to allow faith healers.
- B. Assist with planning the visit from the curandero.
- C. Refer the client to the pastoral care department.
- D. Determine the reason the client needs the curandero.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Facilitating a curandero visit respects Hispanic cultural beliefs, per patient-centered care. Denying, referring, or questioning the need is less culturally sensitive.
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The female client in the oncology clinic tells the nurse she has a great deal of pain but does not like to take pain medication. Which action should the nurse implement first?
- A. Tell the client it is important for her to take her medication.
- B. Find out how the client has been dealing with the pain.
- C. Have the HCP tell the client to take the pain medications.
- D. Instruct the client not to worry-the pain will resolve itself.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing coping strategies informs a tailored pain management plan, respecting client preferences. Forcing medication, HCP involvement, or dismissing pain is premature.
In which client situation would the AD be consulted and used in decision making?
- A. The client diagnosed with Guillain-Barré who is on a ventilator.
- B. The client with a C6 spinal cord injury in the rehabilitation unit.
- C. The client in end-stage renal disease who is in a comatose state.
- D. The client diagnosed with cancer who has Down syndrome.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ADs are consulted when a client cannot make decisions, such as in a comatose state (end-stage renal disease). Ventilated, rehab, or Down syndrome clients may still have decision-making capacity.
The client with multiple sclerosis who is becoming very debilitated tells the home health nurse the Hemlock Society sent information on euthanasia. Which question should the nurse ask the client?
- A. Why did you get in touch with the Hemlock Society?
- B. Did you know this is an illegal organization?
- C. Who do you know who has committed suicide?
- D. What religious beliefs do you practice?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asking why the client contacted the Hemlock Society explores their intent, guiding supportive care. Legality, suicide contacts, or religion are judgmental or irrelevant.
The nurse is caring for an 82-year-old female client who is crying and asking for her mother to come to see her. Which statement represents the ethical principle of nonmalfeasance?
- A. You must miss your mother very much. Can you tell me about her?
- B. You are 82 years old. Your mother is dead and can't come see you.
- C. Why do you need your mother? Can I get something for you?
- D. Your mother would not want you to worry. I will tell her you want to see her.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nonmalfeasance (do no harm) involves empathetic engagement, like discussing the mother, avoiding emotional harm. Blunt truth, questioning needs, or false promises may distress.
The nurse is caring for a client who is confused and fell trying to get out of bed. There is no family at the client's bedside. Which action should the nurse implement first?
- A. Contact a family member to come and stay with the client.
- B. Administer a sedative medication to the client.
- C. Place the client in a chair with a sheet tied around him or her.
- D. Notify the health-care provider to obtain a restraint order.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Notifying the HCP for a restraint order ensures safety and legal compliance for a confused client at risk of falls. Family contact, sedation, or makeshift restraints are unsafe or secondary.