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The home health nurse is caring for a patient with tuberculosis who is taking rifampin and isoniazid (INH). The nurse should carefully monitor the patient for which potential side effect?
- A. Gallstones
- B. Liver disorders
- C. Bleeding ulcers
- D. Esophagitis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver disorders. Rifampin and isoniazid are known to cause hepatotoxicity as a potential side effect. The combination of these two medications can lead to liver damage, making it crucial for the nurse to monitor liver function tests regularly. Gallstones (A), bleeding ulcers (C), and esophagitis (D) are not typically associated with rifampin and isoniazid therapy. Monitoring for liver disorders is essential due to the risk of hepatotoxicity with these medications.
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Which of the following is not a part of the digestive system?
- A. Liver
- B. Gallbladder
- C. absorption-neet-mcq/ 8/13 1/17/25, 2:54 PM Digestion and Absorption NEET MCQ 2024
- D. Lungs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lungs. The lungs are not a part of the digestive system. The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food into nutrients, absorbing those nutrients, and eliminating waste. The lungs are part of the respiratory system, responsible for gas exchange. Liver (A) and gallbladder (B) are both part of the digestive system, aiding in digestion and nutrient absorption. Absorption (C) is a process within the digestive system, not a separate entity. In summary, the lungs do not play a role in the digestion process, making them the correct answer choice.
The mucosal cells of the human colon perform the following functions:
- A. Converting primary bile acids into secondary bile acids
- B. Converting bilirubin into stercobilinogen +
- C. Absorption of Na
- D. Absorption of aromatic amino acids
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
1. The mucosal cells of the colon absorb Na to maintain electrolyte balance.
2. Na absorption is crucial for water reabsorption.
3. This process helps regulate stool consistency and prevent dehydration.
Summary:
A: Incorrect - Bile acid conversion primarily occurs in the liver.
B: Incorrect - Bilirubin breakdown mainly occurs in the liver and intestines.
D: Incorrect - Aromatic amino acid absorption occurs mainly in the small intestine.
Priority Decision: A patient with esophageal cancer is scheduled for a partial esophagectomy. Which nursing intervention is likely to be of highest priority preoperatively?
- A. Practice turning and deep breathing.
- B. Brush the teeth and mouth well each day.
- C. Encourage a high-calorie, high-protein diet.
- D. Teach about postoperative tubes and cares.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A high-calorie, high-protein diet is important preoperatively to optimize nutritional status before surgery.
Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient how to avoid chronic constipation? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Stimulant and saline laxatives can be used regularly.
- B. Bulk-forming laxatives are an excellent source of fiber.
- C. Walking or cycling frequently will help bowel motility.
- D. A good time for a bowel movement may be after breakfast.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bulk-forming laxatives are an excellent source of fiber. Fiber helps to soften stools, regulate bowel movements, and prevent constipation. By increasing fiber intake through bulk-forming laxatives or dietary sources, the patient can promote regularity and prevent chronic constipation.
Explanation for incorrect choices:
A: Stimulant and saline laxatives can cause dependency and are not recommended for regular use as they can disrupt the natural bowel function.
C: While physical activity like walking or cycling can aid in bowel motility, it is not the primary factor in preventing chronic constipation.
D: Timing of bowel movements can vary among individuals, and there is no specific "good time" universally applicable for everyone to have a bowel movement.
Which two regions of a tooth contain living cells?
- A. dentin and enamel
- B. anatomical crown and cementum
- C. enamel and cementum
- D. dentin and cementum
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Dentin and cementum are the two regions of a tooth that contain living cells. Dentin is the hard tissue beneath the enamel and cementum that forms the bulk of the tooth structure. It contains living cells called odontoblasts responsible for dentin formation. Cementum is the hard tissue covering the tooth root and is essential for anchoring the tooth in the jawbone. Cementum contains living cells called cementoblasts responsible for cementum formation. Therefore, both dentin and cementum are vital regions of a tooth that house living cells involved in tooth development and maintenance.
A: Dentin and enamel - Enamel is the outermost layer of the tooth and does not contain living cells.
B: Anatomical crown and cementum - Anatomical crown is not a region of the tooth containing living cells.
C: Enamel and cementum - Enamel does not contain living cells, only mineralized structures.