Nokea
The impact of an exposure on a population does not depend upon:
- A. the strength of the association between exposure and disease.
- B. the prevalence of the exposure.
- C. the case fatality rate.
- D. the overall incidence rate of disease in the population.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The case fatality rate refers to the proportion of individuals with a disease who die from it. While important, it does not directly determine the impact of an exposure on a population. The impact depends more on prevalence, incidence, and strength of association.
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A case report form devised for an outbreak investigation usually includes which of the following types of information?
- A. Identifying information
- B. Demographic information
- C. Clinical information
- D. Risk factor information
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Case report forms typically collect detailed demographic, clinical, and risk factor information.
Which of the following does not fall under planning?
- A. Follow up
- B. Plan formulation
- C. Execution
- D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Follow-up is typically considered part of monitoring rather than planning.
Targets means—
- A. degree of achievement
- B. result that you want to achieve
- C. both a. and b.
- D. none
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Targets represent desired outcomes or achievements within a program.
For the cruise ship scenario, how would you display the time course of the outbreak?
- A. Endemic curve
- B. Epidemic curve
- C. Seasonal trend
- D. Secular trend
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An epidemic curve is used to show the time course of an outbreak.
Vitamin A in vegetable source is called:
- A. Retinol
- B. Carotene
- C. Panthothenic acid
- D. Calciferol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In vegetable sources, vitamin A is present as carotene, which is converted to retinol in the body.