Nokea
The incident management system (IMS) used in Canada is based upon the incident command system that was developed as a result of which of the following disasters?
- A. The tsunami off the coast of Tahiti
- B. Wildfires in California
- C. Floods in Saskatchewan
- D. Drought in Alberta
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The IMS used in Canada is based on the incident command system that was developed as a result of mass wildfires that took place in California during the 1970s.
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The Canadian Red Cross advises individuals to be self-sufficient in case of an emergency and this includes being able to provide for one's needs for approximately how many hours?
- A. 12 hours
- B. 24 hours
- C. 48 hours
- D. 72 hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This level of individual preparation requires stockpiling items that would be needed to be self-sufficient for a period of at least 72 hours. The other choices, 12, 24, and 48 hours, are below the time suggested by the Canadian Red Cross.
The nurse is triaging a client with an open fracture who arrives at the emergency department as one of several clients from a mass casualty incident. Using the START system, which of the following colours should the nurse use to code this client?
- A. Green
- B. Yellow
- C. Red
- D. Black
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A client with an open fracture would be tagged yellow using the START system, indicating a serious but not immediately life-threatening condition.
The hospital resources are overwhelmed during a natural disaster. Although a Code Orange has been initiated, staff injuries are preventing adequate personnel from arriving to the hospital to assist. Which emergency response plan should the hospital follow?
- A. Internal
- B. External
- C. Regional
- D. Internal/external
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Combined external-internal disasters occur as a result of external situations such as a natural disaster that trigger a subsequent response within the internal environment of a health care facility. Internal disasters refer to any situation that threatens or disrupts the daily routine services of a health care facility, while external disasters threaten a facility when the consequences of the disaster create a demand for service that exceeds what is routinely available.
These four clients arrive in the emergency department after a motor vehicle crash. In which order should they be assessed?
- A. A 72-year-old with palpitations and chest pain
- B. A 45-year-old complaining of 6/10 abdominal pain
- C. A 22-year-old with multiple fractures of the face and jaw
- D. A 30-year-old with a misaligned right leg with intact pulses
Correct Answer: C,A,B,D
Rationale: The highest priority is to assess the 22-year-old client for airway obstruction, which is the most life-threatening injury. The 72-year-old client may have chest pain from cardiac ischemia and should be assessed and have diagnostic testing for this pain. The 45-year-old client may have abdominal trauma or bleeding and should be seen next to assess circulatory status. The 30-year-old appears to have a possible fracture of the right leg and should be seen soon, but this client has the least life-threatening injury.
The nurse is triaging a client who arrives in the emergency department experiencing shock. Using the START system, which of the following colours should the nurse assign to this client?
- A. Red
- B. Black
- C. Green
- D. Yellow
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Shock, airway obstruction, and unstable wounds would be assigned a colour category of red, indicating immediate need for treatment due to life-threatening conditions.