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The nurse is assessing a client in the emergency department and identifies the following: hemoptysis, cough, temperature of 40°C (104°F), and a history of recent travel to an area with a high risk for tuberculosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Administer supplemental oxygen.
- B. Place the client in an airborne isolation room.
- C. Obtain a sputum culture.
- D. Administer antipyretic medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The symptoms and travel history suggest possible tuberculosis, which is highly infectious. Placing the client in an airborne isolation room is the priority to prevent transmission to others. Administering oxygen, obtaining a sputum culture, and giving antipyretics are important but secondary to infection control.
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The nurse is triaging a client who arrives in the emergency department experiencing shock. Using the START system, which of the following colours should the nurse assign to this client?
- A. Red
- B. Black
- C. Green
- D. Yellow
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Shock, airway obstruction, and unstable wounds would be assigned a colour category of red, indicating immediate need for treatment due to life-threatening conditions.
A client arrives in the emergency department after exposure to radioactive dust. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Place the client in a shower.
- B. Obtain the client's vital signs
- C. Determine the type of radioactive agent.
- D. Obtain a baseline complete blood count.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The initial action should be to protect staff members and decrease the client's exposure to the radioactive agent by decontamination. The other actions can be done after the decontamination is completed.
Which of the following levels/agencies is accountability for emergency planning and response in Canada?
- A. Municipal government
- B. Provincial government
- C. Federal government
- D. Health Canada
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Accountability for emergency planning and response in Canada is held by individual municipal governments, the underlying principle being that communities possess the greatest knowledge of their individual needs and thus are in a strategic position to most effectively plan for and manage local emergency events.
Which of the following government agencies is responsible for providing safe drinking water and supportive medical services during a national disaster?
- A. Health Canada
- B. Public Safety Canada
- C. Department of National Defence
- D. Canadian Red Cross
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Department of National Defence administers the Disaster Assistance Response Team, which provides safe drinking water and supportive medical services following a disaster.
The nurse is developing guidelines for emergency management. Which of the following steps is the critical first step in emergency management?
- A. Response
- B. Recovery
- C. Mitigation
- D. Preparedness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mitigation is a critical first step in emergency management and is done before an emergency or disaster occurs through the anticipation of potential risks.