Nokea
Which of the following statements is true in relation to a disaster, whether natural or manmade?
- A. Negatively affects society on many levels.
- B. Requires a rapid and skilled response to action.
- C. Is managed by a community's existing resources.
- D. Requires urgent intervention to avoid worsening of the situation.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A disaster is the outcome of a natural event (e.g., hurricane, flood, snowstorm) or a result of human action or error, whether malicious (e.g., terrorist attacks, use of biological warfare) or unintentional (e.g., an accidental chemical spill), that negatively affects society, the environment, or both. It is an emergency, not a disaster, that may be described as an event that requires a rapid and skilled response to protect the health, safety, and wellness of individuals and to limit damage to property. Emergency situations are typically able to be quickly managed without requiring the support and resources of other communities.
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A nurse is developing policy related to emergency management and basis the set-up of the hospital incident command policy on the knowledge that the primary function of the incident command centre is which of the following functions?
- A. Complete a register with the names of all individuals involved
- B. Provide information to keep the media informed of the event
- C. Provide a central point for decision making.
- D. Organize the efforts of all of the first responders to avoid duplication.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary function of the hospital incident command centre is to provide a central point in which decision making can occur with the goal of supporting the needs of responders in the field.
A health care team is testing its acute care centre emergency plan. This test occurs during which of the following phases of emergency management?
- A. Response
- B. Recovery
- C. Mitigation
- D. Preparedness
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Emergency exercises are conducted in the preparedness phase, to promote staff preparation, evaluate the organization's level of preparedness, and assist in training staff in emergency management roles.
The nurse is triaging a client who arrives in the emergency department after a disaster with massive head trauma. Using the START system, which of the following colours should the nurse use to tag this client?
- A. Green
- B. Yellow
- C. Red
- D. Black
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A client with massive head trauma would be tagged black using the START system, because the client is unlikely to survive due to the severity of the injury.
Which of the following government agencies is responsible for providing safe drinking water and supportive medical services during a national disaster?
- A. Health Canada
- B. Public Safety Canada
- C. Department of National Defence
- D. Canadian Red Cross
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Department of National Defence administers the Disaster Assistance Response Team, which provides safe drinking water and supportive medical services following a disaster.
The nurse in the emergency department is involved in triaging clients during a mass casualty incident. During this situation, which of the following is the triage time frame?
- A. 15 seconds
- B. 30 seconds
- C. 1 minute
- D. 2 minutes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Disaster triage in the hospital setting must be rapid and conducted in less than 15 seconds. After this rapid assessment, clients with higher levels of acuity are directed to a treatment location in the emergency department.