Nokea
The initial treatment of choice for a symptomatic patient with isolated pulmonic stenosis is
- A. closed surgical blade valvotomy
- B. open surgical valvotomy
- C. balloon catheter valvuloplasty
- D. Blalock-Taussig shunt
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Balloon catheter valvuloplasty is less invasive and effective for relieving pulmonic stenosis.
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An infant with trisomy 21 has a complete AV canal defect. Which finding associated with both conditions will the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner expect?
- A. Crackles in both lungs
- B. Hepatomegaly
- C. Oxygen desaturation
- D. Peripheral edema
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Because infants with trisomy 21 maintain neonatal high pulmonary vascular resistance, they often do not show signs of CHF but instead will have signs of pulmonary hypertension with loud single S2 and desaturation with agitation or effort.
SVT
- A. HR . 220 /min
- B. Adenosine helpful in management
- C. Beat to beat variation is not present
- D. Valsalvar maneuver is a treatment method
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adenosine is effective in managing supraventricular tachycardia by interrupting reentrant pathways.
Drugs to be avoided in renal failure include:
- A. Allopurinol
- B. Digoxin
- C. Ceftazidime
- D. Acyclovir
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digoxin is avoided in renal failure due to its narrow therapeutic index and renal excretion, which can lead to toxicity.
What are THREE long-term complications in repaired Tetralogy of Fallot?
- A. Arrhythmia
- B. Pulmonary valve insufficiency
- C. Sudden Death
- D. Recurrent PS
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot are at risk of long-term complications such as recurrent pulmonary stenosis, arrhythmias, and valve insufficiencies.
Common reasons for doing a BMT in children are:
- A. SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency)
- B. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- C. CML
- D. Gaucher's disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because SCID is a primary indication for bone marrow transplant (BMT) in children. The other options (b-e) are also indications but less common.