Nokea
The initiation of puberty and menses in a female, involves increased levels of _____.
- A. FSH
- B. LH
- C. estrogen
- D. progesterone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: estrogen. During puberty in females, the hypothalamus signals the pituitary gland to release hormones, leading to increased estrogen levels. Estrogen plays a key role in the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the onset of menstruation. FSH and LH are also involved in the menstrual cycle but do not directly initiate puberty. Progesterone is mainly involved in the menstrual cycle's later stages, not the initiation of puberty.
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Three days after having a pelvic exenteration procedure, a client suddenly complains of a 'giving' sensation along her abdominal incision. You check under the dressing and find that the wound edges are open and loops of intestine are protruding. Which action should you take first?
- A. Call the client's surgeon and report that wound evisceration has occurred.
- B. Cover the wound with saline-soaked dressings.
- C. Don sterile gloves and gently replace the intestine back in the wound.
- D. Check the client's blood pressure and heart rate.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Covering the exposed tissue with saline-soaked dressings prevents drying and reduces risk of further complications.
What hormone(s) stimulates the growth of the endometrium during the proliferative phase of the uterine (menstrual) cycle?
- A. Estrogens
- B. Progesterones
- C. Insulin
- D. Testosterone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Estrogens stimulate growth of the endometrium during the proliferative phase by promoting cell proliferation and thickening of the endometrial lining. Estrogens also increase blood flow to the endometrium. Progesterone, on the other hand, prepares the endometrium for implantation and supports pregnancy, but does not directly stimulate growth during the proliferative phase. Insulin and testosterone do not have direct roles in stimulating endometrial growth during this phase.
A client has been advised to use a pessary to provide support to the uterus. The nurse educates the client about pessary management and the precautions related to its use. In which of the following situations should the client report to the physician?
- A. Regarding a Pap test of the client
- B. Regarding the maintenance of a pessary
- C. When a white or yellow discharge from the vagina develops
- D. Regarding a culture and sensitivity test of vagina
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Abnormal discharge can indicate infection or other complications requiring medical attention.
The lateral extremity of the Fallopian tube:
- A. opens in the abdominal cavity;
- B. captures the ovule released by the ovary;
- C. displays flared edges;
- D. is linked to the uterus through the uterine ostium;
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice D is correct:
1. The lateral extremity of the Fallopian tube is connected to the uterus through the uterine ostium.
2. This connection allows the passage of the ovum from the Fallopian tube to the uterus for implantation.
3. The uterine ostium serves as the entry point for the ovum to travel from the Fallopian tube to the uterus.
4. Therefore, choice D is correct as it accurately describes the anatomical connection between the Fallopian tube and the uterus.
Summary:
- Choice A is incorrect because the lateral extremity of the Fallopian tube does not open in the abdominal cavity.
- Choice B is incorrect because the Fallopian tube does not capture the ovule released by the ovary.
- Choice C is incorrect because the lateral extremity of the Fallopian tube does not display flared edges.
- Choice D is correct as it accurately describes the anatomical connection
The nurse monitors a client who has gone through an endoscopic examination. Following a culdoscopy, what does a nurse need to observe for in this client?
- A. The nurse observes the client for any discomfort in the shoulders.
- B. The nurse observes the client for the signs of internal bleeding and the symptoms of shock.
- C. The nurse observes the client for changes in skin color and for any rise in body temperature.
- D. The nurse observes the quantity and frequency of urinary output.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Discomfort in the shoulders is a common side effect after culdoscopy due to gas insufflation.