Nokea
The intestine has a large surface area. Why?
- A. To make the passage of nutrients through the intestine faster
- B. To make the passage of nutrients through the intestine slower
- C. To make absorption of nutrients more efficient
- D. To make the absorption of nutrients slower
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A large surface area, due to villi and microvilli, enhances nutrient absorption efficiency.
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Carbohydrates are comprised of carbon, , and oxygen.
- A. iron
- B. hydrogen
- C. nitrogen
- D. sulfur
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbohydrates consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a specific ratio.
Space of Disse contain the following EXCEPT:
- A. Plasma
- B. Blood cells
- C. Lipocytes (ITO) cells
- D. Irregular microvilli projecting from hepatocytes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The space of Disse contains plasma, Ito cells, and hepatocyte microvilli, but blood cells remain in the sinusoids.
Which structure helps to prevent a bolus of food from entering the trachea during deglutition (swallowing)?
- A. collagen
- B. cardiac sphincter
- C. larynx
- D. epiglottis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage that covers the trachea during swallowing, preventing food from entering the airway.
If the sphincter at the top of the stomach is not working properly what do we suffer from?
- A. Heart burn
- B. Constipation
- C. Heart attack
- D. Diarrhea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A malfunctioning lower esophageal sphincter allows acid reflux, causing heartburn. Constipation, heart attacks, and diarrhea are unrelated to this sphincter.
How many nephrons are found in each kidney?
- A. approximately one hundred
- B. approximately one thousand
- C. approximately one million
- D. approximately ten million
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Each kidney contains about one million nephrons, the functional units for filtration.