Nokea
The layer of the uterine wall that is shed during menstruation is the
- A. endometrium
- B. myometrium
- C. epimetrium
- D. none of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: endometrium. During menstruation, the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus, is shed. This layer thickens throughout the menstrual cycle in preparation for possible implantation of a fertilized egg. If fertilization does not occur, the endometrium is shed during menstruation.
B: myometrium is incorrect because it is the middle layer of the uterine wall consisting of smooth muscle tissue, responsible for contracting during labor.
C: epimetrium is incorrect as it is not a recognized term in anatomy. The outer layer of the uterus is called the perimetrium.
D: none of the above is incorrect as the endometrium is the specific layer of the uterine wall that is shed during menstruation.
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A nurse identifies a client with an abnormal lab test that screens for prostate cancer. What is the test that the client will receive to screen for prostate cancer?
- A. PAS
- B. APS
- C. PSA
- D. PCA
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) is the standard screening test for prostate cancer.
In male embryos, which hormone is responsible for the development of the urethra, prostate, and external genitals?
- A. dihydrotestosterone (DHT)
- B. FSH
- C. Progesterone
- D. Estrogen
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHT is a potent form of testosterone responsible for male sexual development, including the formation of the urethra, prostate, and external genitals. It binds to androgen receptors in target tissues, promoting their growth and differentiation. FSH (Choice B) is follicle-stimulating hormone, which primarily regulates sperm production in males. Progesterone (Choice C) is a female sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Estrogen (Choice D) is a female sex hormone responsible for female reproductive development. Thus, A is the correct answer as it specifically pertains to male sexual differentiation.
The following take part in the fecundation process:
- A. a single ovule;
- B. a single fecundated spermatozoon;
- C. one ovule with two nuclei, which means the pregnancy is monovitelline twin;
- D. two ovules, which means the pregnancy is bivitelline twin;
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, one ovule with two nuclei, which means the pregnancy is monovitelline twin. This is correct because during fertilization, a single sperm fertilizes an ovum, resulting in the formation of a zygote with two nuclei. Monovitelline twins originate from the splitting of a single fertilized egg, leading to two embryos with shared genetic material. The other choices, A and B, are incorrect as they do not accurately represent the process of fecundation. Choice A refers to a single ovule before fertilization, and choice B refers to a single spermatozoon, which is involved in fertilization but does not lead to the formation of twins. Choice D is also incorrect as it describes bivitelline twins, which result from the fertilization of two separate eggs by two different sperm, leading to genetically distinct individuals.
Which of the following is a form of sexual reproduction?
- A. Fragmentation.
- B. Parthenogenesis.
- C. Budding.
- D. Hermaphroditism
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Define sexual reproduction as the process involving the fusion of gametes from two parents.
Step 2: Hermaphroditism refers to an organism having both male and female reproductive organs for self-fertilization.
Step 3: In hermaphroditism, there is still a fusion of gametes, fulfilling the criteria of sexual reproduction.
Step 4: Fragmentation, parthenogenesis, and budding are forms of asexual reproduction, not involving the fusion of gametes.
Step 5: Therefore, the correct answer is D (Hermaphroditism) as it aligns with the definition and process of sexual reproduction.
A nurse is teaching a client in the doctor's office about genital warts. Which of the following is the best discharge instruction to give to a client with genital warts?
- A. Advise all sexual contacts to be examined and treated.
- B. Antiviral IV drugs are recommended to prevent viral shedding.
- C. Topical applications of the antiviral drugs are recommended for clinical benefits.
- D. Use of alcohol, peroxide, witch hazel, and warm air from a hair dryer are recommended to keep the lesions dry.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Notifying and treating all sexual contacts is essential to prevent further spread of genital warts.