Nokea
The legislation enacted in 1963 was largely responsible for which of the following shifts in care for the mentally ill?
- A. The widespread use of community-based services
- B. The advancement in pharmacotherapies
- C. Improved rights for clients in long-term institutional care
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act of 1963 accomplished the release of individuals from long-term stays in state institutions, the decrease in admissions to hospitals, and the development of community-based services as an alternative to hospital care.
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Which of the following is defined as an advanced-level function in the practice area of psychiatric mental health nursing?
- A. Case management
- B. Counseling
- C. Evaluation
- D. Health teaching
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Advanced-level functions are psychotherapy, prescriptive authority, consultation and liaison, evaluation, and program development and management. Case management, counseling, and health teaching are basic-level functions in the practice area of psychiatric mental health nursing.
A client grieving the recent loss of her husband asks if she is becoming mentally ill because she is so sad. The nurse's best response would be,
- A. You may have a temporary mental illness because you are experiencing so much pain.
- B. You are not mentally ill. This is an expected reaction to the loss you have experienced.
- C. Were you generally dissatisfied with your relationship before your husband's death?
- D. Try not to worry about that right now. You never know what the future brings.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mental illness includes general dissatisfaction with self, ineffective relationships, ineffective coping, and lack of personal growth. Additionally the behavior must not be culturally expected. Acute grief reactions are expected and therefore not considered mental illness. False reassurance or overanalysis does not accurately address the client's concerns.
Psychiatric nursing became a requirement in nursing education in which year?
- A. 1930
- B. 1940
- C. 1950
- D. 1960
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It was not until 1950 that the National League for Nursing, which accredits nursing programs, required schools to include an experience in psychiatric nursing.
Which of the following statements is true of treatment of people with mental illness in the United States today?
- A. Substance abuse is effectively treated with brief hospitalization
- B. Financial resources are reallocated from state hospitals to community programs and support
- C. Only 25% of people needing mental health services are receiving those services
- D. Emergency department visits by persons who are acutely disturbed are declining.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Only one in four adults needing mental health care receives the needed services. Substance abuse issues cannot be dealt with in the 3 to 5 days typical for admissions in the current managed care environment. Money saved by states when state hospitals were closed has not been transferred to community programs and support. Emergency department visits for acutely disturbed persons have increased in some cities.
Which one of the following is a result of federal legislation?
- A. Making it easier to commit people for mental health treatment against their will.
- B. Making it more difficult to commit people for mental health treatment against their will.
- C. State mental institutions being the primary source of care for mentally ill persons.
- D. Improved care for mentally ill persons.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Commitment laws changed in the early 1970s, making it more difficult to commit people for mental health treatment against their will. Deinstitutionalization accomplished the release of individuals from long-term stays in state institutions. Deinstitutionalization also had negative effects in that some mentally ill persons are subjected to the revolving door effect, which may limit care for mentally ill persons.