Nokea
The LPN is assessing for fontanels on the head of a 6-month-old. Which fontanel is expected to still be present?
- A. Posterior
- B. Anterior
- C. Sphenoid
- D. Lambdoid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Anterior. The anterior fontanel usually remains open until about 12-18 months of age, while the posterior fontanel closes by 2-3 months. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as the posterior fontanel closes by 2-3 months of age, and the sphenoid and lambdoid fontanels are not typically assessed in routine infant head examinations.
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A preschooler pretending to do the dishes like her mother is an example of:
- A. Domestic mimicry
- B. Artificialism
- C. Magical thinking
- D. Centering
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Domestic mimicry is the correct answer. It refers to children imitating household activities they observe, aiding in their cognitive and social development. By engaging in such play, children understand and interact with the world around them. Choice B, 'Artificialism,' is incorrect as it pertains to the belief that environmental characteristics are created by human beings. Choice C, 'Magical thinking,' involves children believing in unrealistic events or powers. Choice D, 'Centering,' refers to a child focusing on only one aspect of a situation and not considering other viewpoints.
The nurse is discussing sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with a 17-year-old student. Which cognitive development theory should the teaching plan be based on?
- A. Sensorimotor reactions
- B. Limited cause and effect understanding
- C. Abstract thinking
- D. Concrete thinking
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Abstract thinking.' According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, adolescents, typically around the age of 12 and older, enter the formal operational stage where they can think abstractly and reason about hypothetical situations. When discussing complex topics like STIs with a 17-year-old student, it is essential to base the teaching plan on abstract thinking. Choice A, 'Sensorimotor reactions,' is incorrect as it pertains to the earliest stage in Piaget's theory (birth to 2 years old) focusing on sensory experiences and physical interactions. Choice B, 'Limited cause and effect understanding,' does not align with the cognitive abilities of a 17-year-old who is capable of more advanced thinking. Choice D, 'Concrete thinking,' is also incorrect as it refers to the stage before formal operations, where individuals think more concretely and struggle with abstract concepts.
The parents of an infant with a cleft palate ask the nurse, "What follow-up care will our infant need after the repair?" Which is an accurate response by the nurse?
- A. Your infant will not need any subsequent follow-up care
- B. Your infant will only need to be evaluated by an audiologist
- C. Your infant will only need follow-up with a speech pathologist
- D. Your infant will need follow-up with audiologists and orthodontists
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
The nurse is discussing development and play activities with the parent of a 2-month-old boy. Which statement by the parent would indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?
- A. I can give my baby a ball of yarn to pull apart or different textured fabrics to feel
- B. I can use a music box and soft mobiles as appropriate play activities for my baby
- C. I should introduce a cup and spoon or push-pull toys for my baby at this age
- D. I do not have to worry about appropriate play activities at this age
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
The nurse is caring for a child receiving chemotherapy with the following orders: Zantac 70 mg IV in normal saline 30 mL to infuse over 30 minutes. The nurse should set the infusion pump to deliver how many mL/hour?
- A. 60 mL/hour
- B. 45 mL/hour
- C. 30 mL/hour
- D. 15 mL/hour
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 60 mL/hour. The total volume to be infused is 30 mL over 30 minutes. To calculate the infusion rate in mL/hour, divide the total volume by the total time in hours. In this case, 30 mL / 0.5 hours = 60 mL/hour. Choice B, 45 mL/hour, is incorrect as it does not correspond to the calculated infusion rate. Choices C and D, 30 mL/hour and 15 mL/hour respectively, are also incorrect based on the calculation.