Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Reproductive System

Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Reproductive System Related

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The main commissural fiber in the brain is:

  • A. Corpus callosum
  • B. Anterior commissure
  • C. Posterior commissure
  • D. Hippocampal commissure
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Corpus callosum. The corpus callosum is the main commissural fiber in the brain that connects the two cerebral hemispheres, allowing for communication and coordination between them. It is the largest and most prominent commissural fiber in the brain, making it the correct choice.

Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
B: Anterior commissure - Connects certain regions of the cerebral hemispheres, but not as prominent or as large as the corpus callosum.
C: Posterior commissure - Connects certain structures in the brainstem, not the cerebral hemispheres.
D: Hippocampal commissure - Connects the two hippocampi, not the cerebral hemispheres.

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The cervical spine has how many vertebrae?

  • A. 2
  • B. 5
  • C. 7
  • D. 8
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 7. The cervical spine consists of 7 vertebrae, labeled as C1 to C7. Each vertebra plays a vital role in supporting the head and facilitating neck movement. C1 is known as the atlas, C2 is the axis, and C3 to C7 are structurally similar cervical vertebrae. These vertebrae house the spinal cord and provide flexibility for head movements. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the cervical spine does not have 2, 5, or 8 vertebrae. It is crucial to understand the anatomical structure of the spine to determine the correct number of cervical vertebrae.

The stimulation of initial milk production and release in the breast is accomplished by which hormones? Select all that apply.

  • A. Oxytocin
  • B. Progesterone
  • C. Prolactin
  • D. Luteinizing hormone
Correct Answer:

Rationale: Correct Answer: A (Oxytocin), C (Prolactin)

Rationale:
1. Oxytocin stimulates milk ejection (let-down reflex) by contracting the muscles around the alveoli, releasing milk.
2. Prolactin is responsible for the production of milk in the mammary glands.

Summary of Other Choices:
- Progesterone: Plays a role in preparing the breast for lactation but doesn't directly stimulate milk production.
- Luteinizing hormone: Primarily involved in ovulation and corpus luteum formation, not milk production.

What condition would the nurse include when teaching a patient about the potential complications of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?

  • A. breast cancer
  • B. cirrhosis of the liver
  • C. insulin resistance
  • D. insomnia
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: insulin resistance. PCOS is associated with insulin resistance, leading to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. This is crucial for the nurse to include in patient education. A: breast cancer is not a common complication of PCOS. B: cirrhosis of the liver is not directly related to PCOS. D: insomnia is not a typical complication of PCOS. In summary, insulin resistance is the primary concern in PCOS due to its impact on metabolic health.

The ovaries are also endocrine organs.

  • A. TRUE
  • B. FALSE
  • C. NA
  • D. NA
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The ovaries produce hormones and are considered endocrine organs.

Parents of newborn infants are instructed to place infants on their back to sleep to decrease the risk of

  • A. gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)
  • B. sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
  • C. bronchiolitis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Back sleeping significantly reduces the risk of SIDS.

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