Nokea
What are possible characteristics of a patient who is at a higher risk for developing uterine cancer?
- A. 35-year-old patient with 2 vaginal births
- B. 16-year-old patient with 28-day menstrual cycle
- C. 67-year old patient taking only estrogen for HRT
- D. 25-year-old patient taking oral contraceptive pills
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Uterine cancer risk increases with age, so a 67-year-old patient is at higher risk.
2. Estrogen-only HRT without progesterone increases uterine cancer risk.
3. Other choices are less likely: A has lower age and childbirth may reduce risk, B's age and menstrual cycle are not typical risk factors, and D's oral contraceptives may decrease uterine cancer risk.
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A prolapsed uterus results from weakening of the supporting ligaments of the uterus, which permits retroflexion (backward tilt) and descent of the uterus into the vagina.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. NA
- D. NA
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weakening of the supporting ligaments can lead to a prolapsed uterus.
Which specific instruction should the nurse teach to assist a patient to regain control of her urinary sphincter?
- A. Perform Kegel exercises.
- B. C M U S N T O
- C. Void every hour while awak
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Performing Kegel exercises strengthens the pelvic floor muscles, which can help improve urinary sphincter control. These exercises involve contracting and releasing the muscles that control urination. This instruction directly targets the issue of regaining control over the urinary sphincter. Choice B is nonsensical and irrelevant. Choice C, voiding every hour while awake, may not address the underlying muscle weakness causing the issue. Choice D is incomplete and does not provide any specific guidance on how to address the problem.
What is the primary structural difference between the male and female urethra?
- A. The male urethra has two functions, whereas the female urethra has one.
- B. The male urethra is up to three times as long as the female urethra.
- C. The female urethra is less protected than the male urethra.
- D. The female urethra is connected directly to the bladder.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The male urethra is up to three times as long as the female urethra. This is because the male urethra serves a dual function - for both urine and semen passage, requiring a longer length for transportation. In contrast, the female urethra is shorter and primarily functions for urine passage only. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not address the primary structural difference in length between the male and female urethra.
The hormone that causes the alveoli of the mammary glands to secrete milk is:
- A. Estrogen
- B. Oxytocin
- C. Prolactin
- D. Estrogen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prolactin stimulates the alveoli of the mammary glands to secrete milk.
Going from the ovary to the uterus, the sequence of the divisions of the uterine tubes is:
- A. Isthmus, ampulla, fimbriae, and infundibulum
- B. Ampulla, isthmus, infundibulum, and fimbriae
- C. Fimbriae, infundibulum, ampulla and isthmus
- D. Fimbriae, ampulla, isthmus, and infundibulum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct sequence is fimbriae, infundibulum, ampulla, and isthmus.