Nokea
The menstrual cycle is triggered each month by
- A. the release of blood from the uterus
- B. the buildup of the lining of the uterus
- C. hormones
- D. sexual intercourse
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: hormones. Hormones, specifically estrogen and progesterone, control the menstrual cycle by regulating the release of an egg from the ovary, thickening the uterine lining, and preparing the body for pregnancy or menstruation. Hormonal fluctuations throughout the cycle signal the body to shed the uterine lining if fertilization does not occur. Choices A and B are incorrect as they describe events during the menstrual cycle rather than the trigger itself. Choice D, sexual intercourse, does not directly trigger the menstrual cycle but may lead to conception, which is one of the outcomes of the menstrual cycle.
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The hormone that stimulates uterine contractions is
- A. oxytocin
- B. estrogen
- C. granular cell carcinoma
- D. progesterone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: oxytocin. Oxytocin is the hormone responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor and childbirth. It is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of labor. Estrogen (B) and progesterone (D) are involved in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy maintenance but do not directly stimulate uterine contractions. Granular cell carcinoma (C) is a type of cancer and not a hormone related to uterine contractions.
Inflammation of joints
- A. Arthritis
- B. Osteomyelitis
- C. Chondritis
- D. Chondritis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Arthritis. Arthritis specifically refers to inflammation of joints, making it the most appropriate choice. Osteomyelitis (B) is an infection of the bone, not joints. Chondritis (C) is inflammation of cartilage, not joints. The duplicate choice of Chondritis (D) is incorrect.
Bladder infections are known as
- A. seminiferous tubule
- B. nephritis.
- C. interstitial cell
- D. diverticulitis.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: interstitial cell. Bladder infections are commonly referred to as cystitis, which is the inflammation of the bladder. Interstitial cells are found in the bladder wall and play a role in bladder function. Choice A, seminiferous tubule, is incorrect because it is a structure in the testes involved in sperm production. Choice B, nephritis, refers to inflammation of the kidneys, not the bladder. Choice D, diverticulitis, is inflammation of the diverticula in the colon, not related to bladder infections. Therefore, the most appropriate term for bladder infections is interstitial cell.
A male nurse is teaching a client about the scrotum and the ability of sperm to be effective in fertility. The nurse teaches the client that the sperm is contained in the testes and that its temperature is regulated by which of the following?
- A. Penis and surrounding structures
- B. Bladder tone
- C. Structure of the scrotum
- D. Smooth and skeletal muscles in the scrotum
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The scrotum contains smooth and skeletal muscles that help regulate the temperature necessary for spermatogenesis.
Which factor will inhibit the secretion of estrogens?
- A. FSH
- B. LH
- C. estrogens
- D. progesterone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: estrogens. Estrogens inhibit their own secretion through negative feedback. When estrogen levels rise, they signal the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to decrease the production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH), ultimately leading to a decrease in estrogen secretion. This self-regulation maintains hormonal balance in the body.
Incorrect choices:
A: FSH - FSH stimulates the production of estrogen by the ovarian follicles, so it does not inhibit estrogen secretion.
B: LH - LH also plays a role in stimulating estrogen production and does not inhibit its secretion.
D: Progesterone - Progesterone is involved in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy but does not directly inhibit estrogen secretion.