Nokea
The mineral that helps control enzyme actions in cell mitochondria that produce and store high-energy compounds is:
- A. iron.
- B. cobalt.
- C. hemoglobin.
- D. vitamin B12.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is iron. Iron is essential for enzyme function and energy production within the mitochondria. While cobalt is important for certain enzymes, it is not the primary mineral involved in this specific function. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen, not a mineral involved in enzyme actions. Vitamin B12 is crucial for nerve function and DNA synthesis but is not directly related to controlling enzyme actions in mitochondria.
You may also like to solve these questions
What is the main body storage form of carbohydrates?
- A. Glycogen.
- B. Starch.
- C. Fat.
- D. Glucose.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Glycogen. Glycogen is the stored form of carbohydrates in the body, primarily found in the liver and muscles. Starch (choice B) is a carbohydrate storage molecule in plants, not in the human body. Fat (choice C) is a different macronutrient and not the main storage form of carbohydrates. Glucose (choice D) is a simple sugar that serves as an energy source, not the main storage form of carbohydrates.
Dietary guidelines are most useful for:
- A. limiting portion sizes.
- B. designing a personal food plan.
- C. making smart food choices.
- D. avoiding excessive nutrient intakes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dietary guidelines are designed to assist individuals in making smart food choices by providing recommendations on what to eat to maintain good health. While portion sizes may be a part of these guidelines, they are not the primary focus. Designing a personal food plan involves individual preferences and needs, which may go beyond general guidelines. Avoiding excessive nutrient intakes is important, but dietary guidelines aim to provide balanced recommendations rather than just focusing on avoiding excess.
What are the actions involved in the process of digestion?
- A. thermal and chemical.
- B. chemical and segmental.
- C. muscular and chemical.
- D. mechanical and thermal.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'muscular and chemical.' In the process of digestion, muscular movements help in mixing and propelling food along the digestive tract, while chemical breakdowns involving enzymes and acids break down food into smaller molecules for absorption. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as thermal, segmental, and mechanical actions are not the primary actions involved in the digestion process.
An example of government nutrition policy is:
- A. MyPlate Food Guidance System.
- B. Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010.
- C. Healthy People 2020.
- D. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs).
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Healthy People 2020. Healthy People 2020 is a government initiative that sets goals for improving the health of Americans, including specific nutritional objectives. Choices A, B, and D are not examples of government nutrition policies. MyPlate Food Guidance System is a visual tool to help individuals make healthy food choices, Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 provide evidence-based advice for Americans two years and older, and Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are a set of nutrient reference values.
How many kilocalories (kcal) are provided by a food containing 30 grams of carbohydrate?
- A. 90
- B. 120
- C. 180
- D. 270
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 120. Carbohydrates provide 4 kcal per gram, so 30 grams of carbohydrates will provide 120 kcal. This is calculated by multiplying the grams of carbohydrate (30) by the kcal per gram (4). Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the correct calculation based on the energy content of carbohydrates.