Nokea
The MOST common cause of sleeping difficulty in the first 2 months of life is
- A. gastro-esophageal reflux
- B. colic
- C. formula intolerance
- D. developmentally self-resolving sleeping behavior
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Colic is a frequent cause of sleep difficulties in young infants.
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A 5-year old boy presents with afebrile generalized tonic-clonic seizure lasting for 5 minutes. Previously he was healthy and had no such problem. On examination there is no abnormality. Your plan of management should be:
- A. Start anticonvulsant therapy
- B. Request for an EEG and wait for its report
- C. Request for an EEG and start anticonvulsant therapy immediately
- D. Request for EEG and MRI brain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In a first-time generalized seizure, an immediate EEG and starting anticonvulsant therapy is prudent to prevent recurrence, especially if the EEG shows epileptiform activity.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends the use of validated standardized developmental screening tools at three of the health maintenance visits, these are at
- A. 2 months, 6 months, and 12 months
- B. 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months
- C. 9 months, 18 months, and 30 months
- D. 12 months, 18 months, and 24 months
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Developmental screenings are recommended at 9, 18, and 30 months.
The LEAST important advice for a 2-month-old baby with excessive crying is
- A. master the situation in relaxed manner
- B. adhere to precry cues
- C. change milk formula
- D. avoid sensory overstimulation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Changing formula may not address refusal due to developmental factors.
A spica cast was put on Baby Betty after an unfortunate incident to immobilize her hips and thighs; which of the following is the priority nursing action immediately after application?
- A. Keep the cast dry and clean.
- B. Cover the perineal area.
- C. Elevate the cast.
- D. Perform neurovascular checks.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Performing neurovascular checks is the priority nursing action immediately after applying a spica cast on Baby Betty. A spica cast is used to immobilize the hips and thighs, which can affect circulation and nerve function in the lower extremities. Neurovascular checks involve assessing the circulation, sensation, and movement of the affected limb to ensure there are no signs of impaired circulation or nerve damage. It is crucial to monitor for any signs of compartment syndrome, such as pain, numbness, tingling, or decreased pulse, which could indicate a vascular compromise. Timely identification of any neurovascular compromise is essential to prevent complications and ensure the baby's safety and well-being.
Which of the following is most important discharge teaching for Mr. Dela Isla
- A. Emergency Numbers
- B. Relaxation technique
- C. Drug Compliance
- D. Dietary prescription SITUATION: Mr. Franco, 70 years old, suddenly could not lift his spoons nor speak at breakfast. He was rushed to the hospital unconscious. His diagnosis was CVA.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the case of Mr. Dela Isla, who suffered a CVA, one of the most important discharge teachings would be drug compliance. Following a stroke, patients are often prescribed medications to help manage their condition and reduce the risk of further complications. It is crucial for Mr. Dela Isla to understand the importance of taking his medications as prescribed by his healthcare provider. Non-compliance with medication regimens can have serious consequences and may increase the likelihood of recurrent strokes or other health issues. Therefore, ensuring that Mr. Dela Isla understands the purpose of his medications, how to take them correctly, and the potential side effects is essential for his recovery and ongoing health management. While emergency numbers, relaxation techniques, and dietary prescriptions are important aspects of care, ensuring drug compliance is critical for the immediate and long-term well-being of a patient who has experienced a stroke.