Nokea
The most frequent aerobic organism isolated in human bites is
- A. Pasteurella multocida
- B. Eikenella corrodens
- C. Haemophilus aphrophilus
- D. Streptococcus viridans
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Human bites Strep viridans, mouth's norm, tops aerobes, not Pasteurella's dog, Eikenella's anaerobe, or rare Haemophilus, Capno. Nurses bite this chronicå£è…” champ.
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Glycaemic profiles of people with diabetes varies with all EXCEPT:
- A. Diet
- B. Exercise
- C. Stress
- D. Monitoring of blood glucose
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sugar swings food, sweat, drugs, checks shift it; dress' is a typo for stress, but stress fits, not fabric. Nurses track this chronic dance, not wardrobe.
An oncology nurse is contributing to the care of a patient who has failed to respond appreciably to conventional cancer treatments. As a result, the care team is considering the possible use of biologic response modifiers (BRMs). The nurse should know that these achieve a therapeutic effect by what means?
- A. Promoting the synthesis and release of leukocytes
- B. Focusing the patient's immune system exclusively on the tumor
- C. Potentiating the effects of chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapy
- D. Altering the immunologic relationship between the tumor and the patient
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: BRMs (e.g., interferon, IL-2) tweak the immune-tumor dance revving up the body's attack or slowing cancer's evasion, not just pumping out leukocytes or boosting chemo/radiation. They don't laser-focus immunity but shift the balance, like marking tumors for T-cells. Nurses in oncology grasp this, knowing BRMs offer a Hail Mary when standard stuff flops, targeting that host-tumor interplay.
The best way to prevent chronic complications of Diabetes is to:
- A. Take medications as prescribed and remove sugar from the diet completely
- B. Check feet daily for cuts, long toe nails and infections between the toes
- C. Maintain a BGL that is as close to normal as possible
- D. Undertake daily exercise to burn up the excess glucose in the system
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diabetes' chronic woes tight BGL control trumps meds-no-sugar, foot checks, or exercise alone, cutting nerve, eye, kidney hits. Nurses push this, a sugar-steered win.
Which of the following models view disability as directly caused by disease or trauma?
- A. Social
- B. Nursing
- C. Medical
- D. Collaborative
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The medical model pins disability on disease or injury fix the body, fix the problem a view nurses use for acute hits. Social blames society's gaps; nursing, collaborative blend care angles, not cause. It's a chronic lens shift, body-first.
The nurse is caring for a 65-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with shortness of breath and chest discomfort. The client has not been feeling well for the past few days and complains of a productive cough of blood-tinged sputum. Laboratory tests reveal an elevated brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and chest x-ray reveals pulmonary congestion. Based on the assessment findings, which of the following diagnosis are consistent with these findings?
- A. Heart failure (left-sided)
- B. Lung cancer
- C. Heart failure (right-sided)
- D. Pulmonary embolism
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated BNP and pulmonary congestion plus dyspnea, chest pain, hemoptysis point to left-sided heart failure, where ventricle falters, flooding lungs with fluid. Lung cancer might bleed but lacks BNP spike. Right-sided failure swells periphery, not lungs initially. Pulmonary embolism clots, not congests, with normal BNP. Nurses link this to left heart strain, anticipating diuretics, a diagnosis fitting this wet-lung picture.