Nokea
The mother of a child with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy asks about the chance that her next child will have the disease. The nurse responds based on the understanding of which of the following?
- A. Sons have a 50% chance of being affected.
- B. Daughters have a 1 in 4 chance of being carriers.
- C. Each child has a 1 in 4 chance of developing the disease.
- D. Each child has a 50% chance of being a carrier.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Duchenne's muscular dystrophy is X-linked recessive, so sons of a carrier mother have a 50% chance of being affected, while daughters have a 50% chance of being carriers.
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When developing the teaching plan for the mother and a child with insulin-dependent diabetes about sick-day management, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Adhere to the same schedule and type and amount of insulin.
- B. Immediately call the physician for information about what to do.
- C. Adjust insulin based on more frequent testing of blood glucose levels.
- D. Take the child to the emergency department for immediate care.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sick-day management requires frequent glucose monitoring and insulin adjustments to prevent ketoacidosis. Fixed insulin schedules, immediate physician calls, or ER visits are less appropriate without monitoring.
The nurse is caring for an infant with a temporary colostomy due to Hirschsprung's disease. Which of the following indicates proper stoma care?
- A. Cleaning the stoma with alcohol.
- B. Keeping the stoma dry and exposed.
- C. Applying a barrier cream around the stoma.
- D. Covering the stoma with a sterile dressing.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A barrier cream protects the skin around the stoma from irritation.
Which of the following client actions should the nurse judge to be a healthy coping behavior for a male adolescent after an appendectomy?
- A. Insisting on wearing a T-shirt and gym shorts rather than pajamas.
- B. Avoiding interactions with other adolescents on the nursing unit.
- C. Refusing to fill out the menu, and allowing the nurse to do so.
- D. Not taking telephone calls from friends so he can rest.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Choosing preferred clothing reflects autonomy and positive coping.
After teaching the mother of a young child with a peritoneal catheter about the signs and symptoms of peritonitis, the nurse determines that the mother has understood the teaching when she identifies which of the following as an important sign?
- A. Cloudy dialysate drainage return.
- B. Distended abdomen.
- C. Shortness of breath.
- D. Weight gain of 3 lb in 2 days.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cloudy drainage indicates infection.
A child is started on a soft diet after having been on clear liquids following an episode of severe gastroenteritis. When helping the mother choose foods for her child, which of the following foods would be most appropriate?
- A. Muffins and eggs.
- B. Bananas and rice.
- C. Bran cereal and a bagel.
- D. Pancakes and sausage.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bananas and rice are gentle on the gut, suitable for a soft diet.