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The mother of a neonate with Down syndrome wishes to breastfeed. Which of the following considerations should the nurse make in relation to the mother’s wishes?
- A. The mother should be encouraged to feed expressed breast milk via a bottle.
- B. Down syndrome babies consume more calories than unaffected neonates.
- C. Because of the weight of the neonatal head, the side-lying position must be used.
- D. The baby will likely have a weak suck due to congenitally poor muscle tone.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Babies with Down syndrome often have hypotonia, which can affect their ability to suck effectively during breastfeeding.
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In which type of health care facility does the nurse want to work if applying for a position with a home care organization that specializes in spinal cord injury?
- A. Secondary acute
- B. Continuing
- C. Restorative
- D. Tertiary
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Patients recovering from an acute or chronic illness or disability often require additional services (restorative care) to return to their previous level of function or reach a new level of function limited by their illness or disability.
Use Naegele's rule to determine the EDD (estimated day of birth) for a patient whose last menstrual period started on April 12.
- A. 19-Feb
- B. 19-Jan
- C. 21-Jan
- D. 7-Feb
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To calculate EDD using Naegele's rule, add 7 days to the first day of the last menstrual period, then count back 3 months and add 1 year. For this question, starting with April 12, adding 7 days gives April 19. Counting back 3 months gives January 19 of the following year. Therefore, the estimated day of birth (EDD) is January 19. Choice B (19-Jan) is correct.
Choice A (19-Feb): Incorrect as it does not follow the correct calculation method for Naegele's rule.
Choice C (21-Jan): Incorrect as the calculation does not match the steps of Naegele's rule.
Choice D (7-Feb): Incorrect as it does not align with the correct application of Naegele's rule.
The nurse has identified the following nursing diagnosis for a postpartum (PP) client: Potential for fluid volume deficit. Which of the following goals for the mother is appropriate?
- A. Minimal perineal pain.
- B. Normal lochial flow.
- C. Normal temperature.
- D. Weight reduction.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Normal lochial flow indicates that the client is not experiencing excessive bleeding, which is a key concern for fluid volume deficit.
What is the purpose of initiating contractions in a contraction stress test (CST)?
- A. Increase placental blood flow.
- B. Identify fetal acceleration patterns.
- C. Determine the degree of fetal activity.
- D. Apply a stressful stimulus to the fetus.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The purpose of initiating contractions in a contraction stress test (CST) is to apply a stressful stimulus to the fetus to assess its response to stress, mimicking the stress of labor. This helps evaluate fetal well-being by monitoring the fetal heart rate during contractions. A: Increasing placental blood flow is not the primary purpose of CST. B: Identifying fetal acceleration patterns is not the main goal of CST. C: Determining the degree of fetal activity is not the primary objective of CST. The correct answer is D as it reflects the main purpose of initiating contractions in a CST.
A patient who smokes one pack of cigarettes daily has a positive pregnancy test. The nurse will explain that smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of which condition?
- A. Congenital anomalies
- B. Death before or after birth
- C. Neonatal hypoglycemia
- D. Neonatal withdrawal syndrome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Death before or after birth. Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of fetal death, both before and after birth, due to the harmful effects of nicotine and other toxins on the developing fetus. Smoking can lead to complications such as placental abruption, preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth.
A: Congenital anomalies - While smoking during pregnancy can increase the risk of certain birth defects, the primary concern related to smoking is not congenital anomalies.
C: Neonatal hypoglycemia - Smoking during pregnancy is not directly linked to neonatal hypoglycemia, which is usually related to maternal diabetes or other factors.
D: Neonatal withdrawal syndrome - Although smoking during pregnancy can lead to nicotine exposure in the fetus, resulting in withdrawal symptoms after birth, the immediate risk of death is a more critical concern associated with smoking during pregnancy.