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The name of the nursing diagnosis is linked to the etiology with the phrase:
- A. as manifested by'
- B. related to'
- C. evidenced by'
- D. due to'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In nursing diagnoses, a standardized format connects the problem to its cause. The phrase 'related to' is used to link the identified health issue, such as 'Impaired Mobility,' to its etiology, like 'joint stiffness,' forming a clear cause-and-effect relationship. 'As manifested by' and 'evidenced by' describe symptoms or signs supporting the diagnosis, not the cause. 'Due to' is less specific and not part of the formal nursing diagnosis structure outlined by NANDA International. This format ensures clarity in care planning, allowing nurses to address underlying causes effectively, enhancing patient outcomes through targeted interventions based on this relationship.
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Which statement best describes the effects of immobility in children?
- A. Immobility prevents the progression of language and fine motor development
- B. Immobility in children has similar physical effects to those found in adults
- C. Children are more susceptible to the effects of immobility than are adults
- D. Children are likely to have prolonged immobility with subsequent complications
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Children experience similar physical immobility effects as adults, like atrophy and demineralization.
A client with a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus is being taught about dietary management. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You should avoid foods that contain carbohydrates.
- B. You should decrease your intake of high-fiber foods.
- C. You should increase your intake of high-protein foods.
- D. You should monitor your carbohydrate intake.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'You should monitor your carbohydrate intake.' Monitoring carbohydrate intake is essential for managing blood glucose levels in clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. By monitoring carbohydrate intake, individuals can make informed decisions about their dietary choices and better control their blood sugar levels. Avoiding foods that contain carbohydrates (choice A) is not advisable as carbohydrates are an essential nutrient that can be consumed in moderation. Decreasing intake of high-fiber foods (choice B) is not recommended as fiber is beneficial for glycemic control and overall health. Increasing intake of high-protein foods (choice C) is not the primary focus of dietary management for type 2 diabetes; while protein is important, it is more crucial to monitor carbohydrate intake for effective blood sugar management.
When teaching a client with a new diagnosis of hypertension about medication adherence, which statement should the nurse include?
- A. You can stop taking your medication once your blood pressure is normal.
- B. You should take your medication at the same time every day.
- C. You can double your dose if you miss a dose.
- D. You should take your medication with a high-fat meal.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'You should take your medication at the same time every day.' Taking medication consistently at the same time daily is crucial for maintaining steady blood levels and effectively managing hypertension. It helps ensure that the medication works optimally and provides the best control of blood pressure throughout the day. Choice A is incorrect because stopping medication once blood pressure is normal can lead to a relapse or worsening of hypertension. Choice C is incorrect as doubling the dose without healthcare provider guidance can be dangerous. Choice D is incorrect as taking medication with a high-fat meal can affect its absorption and efficacy.
A client has a new diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome, and the nurse is providing dietary management education. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You should increase your intake of high-sodium foods.
- B. You should decrease your intake of high-sodium foods.
- C. You should avoid foods that contain lactose.
- D. You should increase your intake of dairy products.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For a client with nephrotic syndrome, decreasing the intake of high-sodium foods is essential to manage fluid retention and symptoms of the condition. Excessive sodium can lead to fluid retention, swelling, and worsen the condition. Therefore, advising the client to decrease their high-sodium food intake aligns with the dietary management approach to help control nephrotic syndrome. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increasing high-sodium foods would exacerbate fluid retention, avoiding lactose is not specifically required for nephrotic syndrome, and increasing dairy products may not be necessary unless individualized based on the client's needs and lab values.
John has a fever of 39.5 degrees 2 days ago, But yesterday, he has a normal temperature of 36.5 degrees. Today, his temperature surges to 40 degrees. What type of fever is John having?
- A. Relapsing
- B. Intermittent
- C. Remittent
- D. Constant
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Relapsing fever spikes (39.5-40°C) with normal breaks (36.5°C) e.g., borrelia, days apart. Intermittent (daily normal), remittent (fluctuating high), and constant (stable) differ. Nurses note this e.g., two-day gap for infection management, per fever types.