Nokea
The nurse accurately explains that cognitive therapy involves which of the following?
- A. Altering people's irrational beliefs
- B. Exposing people to things they fear
- C. Helping people verbalize their feelings
- D. Rewarding people's altered behaviors
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cognitive therapy focuses on identifying and modifying irrational beliefs to change maladaptive thought patterns, a key approach for phobias.
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Which assessment finding is most atypical of a 65-year-old client?
- A. Making errors in copying a line drawing
- B. Forgetting the names of longstanding neighbors
- C. Reading information slowly
- D. Naming only two of the last three presidents
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Errors in copying a drawing suggest visuospatial deficits, less common in typical aging and more indicative of neurological issues.
The nurse is developing the plan of care for the client diagnosed with schizophrenia who is having an alcohol-induced crisis. Which specific client outcome best reflects the primary goal of crisis intervention for this client?
- A. Client will be successfully detoxified within 20 days.
- B. Client will return to his or her part-time job within 20 days.
- C. Client will state two effective coping mechanisms prior to discharge.
- D. Client will demonstrate self-administration of medications prior to discharge.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Returning to pre-crisis functioning like work (B) is the crisis intervention goal. Detox (A) stating coping mechanisms (C) and medication administration (D) are secondary.
The nurse counsels the team member privately about the inappropriate remark. What is the first step in understanding the behavior of clients?
- A. Understanding one's own behavior
- B. Analyzing what motivates clients' behavior
- C. Becoming more familiar with abnormal behavior
- D. Taking courses in counseling
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Self-awareness of personal biases is the first step to understanding client behavior, ensuring objective and empathetic care.
If the home health nurse documented all of the following findings, which one is most suggestive that the client is depressed?
- A. The client is irritable after grandchildren visit.
- B. The client has multiple, unrelated physical complaints.
- C. The client takes lengthy naps in the late afternoon.
- D. The client cries when talking about a dead spouse.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Multiple somatic complaints are a hallmark of depression in older adults, often masking emotional symptoms.
Which finding in the client's history strongly suggests lack of achieving the characteristic developmental level expected at this age in the life cycle?
- A. The client drifts in and out of relationships.
- B. The client worries about financial security.
- C. The client questions personal sexual identity.
- D. The client hesitates to be assertive.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Drifting in and out of relationships indicates difficulty achieving intimacy, a key developmental task of young adulthood per Erikson's stages.