Nokea
The laboring person asks the nurse to review the birth plan. What item is on a typical birth plan?
- A. where the patient will be staying after birth
- B. who will be watching their other children
- C. what position they want to birth in
- D. how they will time contractions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Birth plans often include preferences for birthing positions to promote comfort and effectiveness.
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What is the initial action for a mother experiencing severe vaginal bleeding during labor?
- A. Monitor vital signs and provide IV fluids
- B. Position the mother on her left side
- C. Administer oxygen at 10L/min via mask
- D. Prepare for an immediate cesarean section
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering oxygen improves maternal and fetal oxygenation during significant bleeding.
Which complication of adolescent pregnancy should the nurse plan to monitor?
- A. Anemia
- B. Placenta previa
- C. Abruptio placenta
- D. Incompetent cervix
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Incompetent cervix, also known as cervical insufficiency, is a condition where the cervix begins to dilate and efface prematurely due to weak cervical tissue. This can lead to late miscarriage or preterm birth. Adolescent mothers are at a higher risk for this complication due to their immature reproductive systems. Therefore, the nurse should plan to monitor for signs and symptoms of incompetent cervix in adolescent pregnant clients to prevent adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Anemia, placenta previa, and abruptio placenta are other potential complications of pregnancy, but they are not specifically associated with adolescent pregnancy.
A parent asks the nurse what makes the opening between the baby's atrium close at birth? The nurse's response is that cardiovascular changes that cause to foramen ovale to close at birth are the direct result of:
- A. Increased pressure in the L atrium (with the increase in the blood flow to the L atrium from the lungs, the pressure is
- C. Increased pressure in the R atrium
- D. Changes in the hepatic blood flow
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The foramen ovale is a normal fetal structure that allows blood to bypass the lungs by shunting blood from the right atrium to the left atrium. This is essential during fetal development since the lungs are not functioning until birth. After birth, when the baby takes its first breaths and the lungs start working, the pressure in the left atrium increases due to the increased blood flow from the pulmonary circulation. This increased pressure in the left atrium causes the foramen ovale to close, preventing blood from flowing from the right atrium to the left atrium. Therefore, the closure of the foramen ovale is a result of the increased pressure in the left atrium rather than any other cardiovascular changes.
The nurse is assessing a client at 20 weeks' gestation who reports leg cramps. What is the most likely cause?
- A. Dehydration.
- B. Calcium deficiency.
- C. Increased blood volume.
- D. Compression of pelvic nerves.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Compression of pelvic nerves from the growing uterus can cause leg cramps during pregnancy.
The nurse is educating a male patient on how a vasectomy works. What is the best explanation for this procedure?
- A. The procedure blocks the sperm from entering into the semen and being ejaculated.
- B. The procedure removes the testicle so that sperm are not made.
- C. The tube that carries seminal fluid is blocked, causing no semen to be ejaculated.
- D. The procedure kills all sperm so they are unable to make it to the ovulated egg.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A vasectomy involves blocking or cutting the vas deferens to prevent sperm from being ejaculated with semen, making it an effective method of contraception. Choice B is incorrect because the testicles are not removed during a vasectomy, only the vas deferens is altered. Choice C is incorrect because seminal fluid is still produced, but sperm are prevented from entering it. Choice D is incorrect because sperm are not killed, but rather prevented from mixing with semen.