Nokea
The nurse administering the drug colchicine for gout will give $0.5 \mathrm{mg}$ hourly for hours.
Correct Answer: 12
Rationale: Colchicine is given orally in a dose of $0.5 \mathrm{mg}$ for a period of 12 hours or until relief from pain is achieved or diarrhea occurs.
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Forty-eight hours after a patient sustained a fractured femur in a car accident, the nurse notes the patient has a pulse of 110, respirations at 25, labored respirations and crackles in both lung fields. The nurse immediately reports to the charge nurse the probability of which disorder?
- A. impending pneumonia.
- B. atelectasis.
- C. fat embolism.
- D. anxiety attack.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A pulmonary fat embolism involves the embolization of fat tissue with platelets and circulation of free fatty acids within the pulmonary circulation. Dyspnea, tachypnea, and chest pain are symptomatic of a fat embolus. These signs are not associated with impending pneumonia or atelectasis. The patient is undergoing a major complication; this is not an anxiety attack.
Calcium is a mineral found in many foods that can slow bone loss during the aging process. Which food is high in calcium?
- A. Oranges
- B. Bananas
- C. Spinach
- D. Eggs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spinach and green vegetables, as well as yogurt, are considered calcium-rich foods. Fresh oranges, bananas, and eggs are not good calcium choices.
Which instructions will the nurse reinforce for the patient before a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedure?
- A. Void to completely empty the bladder.
- B. Omit all citrus food for 12 hours before the procedure.
- C. Remove all metal, such as jewelry, glasses, and hair clips.
- D. Wear only cotton garments for the procedure.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: MRI procedures require that the patient remove all metal because it will become magnetized.
Which instructions should the nurse reinforce for the patient before the initiation of the hydroxychloroquine to treat joint inflammation from systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)?
- A. Report mouth ulcerations.
- B. Get a chest x-ray.
- C. Get an eye examination.
- D. Take prophylaxis for malaria.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An eye examination should be completed before starting the drug and an eye examination should be done every 6 months while on the drug, because the drug can damage the retina and lead to blindness. Gold salts may cause mouth ulcerations. Hydroxychloroquine administration does not require monitoring of the chest x-ray because it does not cause lung damage. Hydroxychloroquine is also prescribed for malaria prophylaxis. This patient is taking the medication as an anti-inflammatory agent for SLE.
A 16-year-old male patient presents in the emergency room with a pathologic fracture of the left femur and complains of pain on weight-bearing. These are common indicators of which disorder?
- A. osteogenic sarcoma.
- B. osteoporosis.
- C. rheumatoid arthritis.
- D. osteochondroma.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Osteogenic sarcoma occurs in young men aged 10 to 25. They are malignant bone tumors that can cause a pathologic fracture and they are accompanied by pain on weight-bearing. Osteoporosis is a disorder that results in loss of bone density. Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease. Osteochondromas are benign and usually do not cause fractures.