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The nurse advises the parents that, to detect possible complications of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, the child will require which periodic evaluation?
- A. Chest X-rays
- B. Dental examinations
- C. Hearing examinations
- D. Eye examinations
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: JRA can cause uveitis, an eye inflammation that may lead to vision loss if untreated. Periodic eye examinations are essential to detect this complication early.
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If the parents of a child with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy are having a difficult time accepting the diagnosis, which nursing action is most beneficial to the family?
- A. Recommend that the parents place the child in an institution.
- B. Recommend that the parents contact the local social welfare agency.
- C. Recommend that the parents talk with other parents who have children with muscular dystrophy.
- D. Recommend that the parents read as much literature as possible about treatment of muscular dystrophy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Connecting with other parents who have children with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy provides emotional support and practical insights, helping the family cope with the diagnosis.
The nurse assesses that the 8-hour-old infant’s axillary temperature is 97°F (36.1°C). Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
- A. Document the findings as abnormal.
- B. Place the infant under a radiant warmer.
- C. Feed the infant formula that is warmed.
- D. Call the HCP to report the temperature.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An axillary temperature of 97°F is below the normal range (97.7°F–98.9°F). The infant should be gradually rewarmed under a radiant warmer. Documentation follows intervention feeding warm formula is unnecessary and HCP notification is needed only if warming fails.
The common possible cause of oligohydramnios is:
- A. Oesophageal atresia.
- B. Placental haemangioma.
- C. Renal agenesis.
- D. Diabetes mellitus.
- E. Rh incompatibility.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Renal agenesis leads to oligohydramnios because the fetus cannot produce urine a major component of amniotic fluid. Other options are less commonly associated with reduced amniotic fluid.
Cardiac output is highest in:
- A. 1st trimester.
- B. 2nd trimester.
- C. 3rd trimester.
- D. During labour.
- E. During delivery.
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Cardiac output peaks during delivery due to increased demand from uterine contractions and maternal effort. It rises progressively during pregnancy but is highest at delivery.
What information regarding the dangers of tattooing should the nurse provide for this client? Select all that apply.
- A. Tattooing can lead to skin cancer.
- B. There can be an allergic reaction to the tattoo ink.
- C. Tattooing can result in skin infections.
- D. There is a risk for contracting hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) if dirty needles are used in tattooing.
- E. Tattooing can cause spontaneous abortions in pregnant women.
- F. Tattooing can result in heart and lung conditions.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Tattooing risks include allergic reactions to ink, skin infections from unsterile equipment, and bloodborne infections like hepatitis B and HIV from contaminated needles. Skin cancer, abortions, and heart/lung conditions are not directly linked.