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The nurse asks a client who has experienced ventricular dysrhythmias about substance abuse. The client asks, Why do you want to know if you is cause? How should the nurse respond?
- A. Substance abuse puts clients at risk for many health issues
- B. The hospital requires that I ask you about cocaine use
- C. Clients who use cocaine or illicit inhalants are particularly at risk for potentially fatal dysrhythmias
- D. We can provide services for cessation of substance abuse
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients who use cocaine or illicit inhalants are particularly at risk for potentially fatal dysrhythmias. The other responses do not adequately address the client's question.
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A nurse prepares to discharge a client with cardiac dysrhythmia who is prescribed home health care service. What interventions should the nurse include to the home health nurse upon discharge?
- A. Medication reconciliation
- B. Immunization history
- C. Medication history
- D. Nutrition preferences
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The home health nurse needs to know current medications the client is taking to ensure assessment, evaluation, and further education related to these medications. The other information will not assist the nurse to develop a plan of care for the client.
A nurse teaches a client who experiences occasional premature atrial contractions (PACs) accompanied by palpitations that resolve spontaneously, without treatment. Which statement should the nurse include in this client needs category.
- A. Minimize or abstain from caffeine
- B. Lie on your side until the attack subsides
- C. Use your oxygen when you experience PACs
- D. Take amiodarone (Cordarone) daily to prevent PACs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: PACs usually have no hemodynamic consequences. For a client experiencing infrequent PACs, the nurse should explore possible lifestyle causes, such as excessive caffeine intake and stress. Lying on the side will not prevent or resolve PACs. Oxygen is not necessary. Although medications may be used to control symptomatic dysrhythmias, for infrequent PACs, the client should first try lifestyle changes to control them.
A telemetry nurse assesses a client with third-degree heart block who has wide QRS complexes and a heart rate of 35 beats/min on the cardiac monitor. Which assessment should the nurse complete next?
- A. Pulmonary auscultation
- B. Pulse strength and amplitude
- C. Level of consciousness
- D. Mobility and gait stability
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A heart rate of 40 beats/min or less with widened QRS complexes could have hemodynamic consequences. The client is at risk for inadequate cerebral perfusion. The nurse should assess for level of consciousness, lightheadedness, confusion, dyspnea, and seizure activity. Although the other assessments should be completed, the client's level of consciousness is the priority.
A nurse cares for a client with congestive heart failure who has a regular cardiac rhythm of 128 Beats/min. What should the nurse assess? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Decrease in cardiac output
- B. Increase in cardiac output
- C. Increase in cardiac output
- D. Increase in blood pressure
- E. Decrease in urine output
- F. Increase in urine output
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Tachycardia may initially cause blood pressure and cardiac output to increase. However, in a client who has congestive heart failure or a client with long-term tachycardia, ventricular filling time, cardiac output, and blood pressure eventually decrease. As cardiac output and blood pressure decrease, urine output will fall.
A nurse is teaching a client with premature ectopic beats. Which education should the nurse include in this clients teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Smoking cessation
- B. Stress relaxation and management
- C. Avoiding vagal stimulation
- D. Adverse effects of medications
- E. Foods high in potassium
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: A client who has premature beats or ectopic rhythms should be taught to stop smoking, manage stress, take medications as prescribed, and report adverse effects of medications. Clients with premature beats are not at risk for vasovagal attacks or potassium imbalances.