Nokea
The nurse at the diabetes clinic is instructing a client who is struggling with compliance to the diabetic diet. When discussing disease progression, which manifestation of the disease process on the urinary system is most notable?
- A. Clients have frequent urinary tract infections.
- B. Clients develop a neurogenic bladder.
- C. Clients have urinary frequency.
- D. Clients have chronic renal failure.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Although all of the options may occur in the client with diabetes mellitus, the option which is most notable, and potentially life threatening, is chronic renal failure.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is caring for a client who has a history of urine reflux. To assess the client for this urinary complication, which nursing action is best?
- A. Ask the client if voiding sufficient quantities has been a problem.
- B. Monitor the client's intake and output for inconsistency.
- C. Have the client void into a collection device.
- D. Palpate the client's bladder for distension.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Normally, urine flows in one direction because of peristaltic action and because the ureters enter the bladder at an oblique angle. The reflux of urine (urine that flows backward) can occur secondary to a distended bladder. By palpating for bladder distension, the nurse is able to determine that reflux urine traveled back to the bladder instead of traveling from the bladder down the urethra. All of the other options provide data that can be helpful, but actually feeling for the distension is best. Using a bladder scanner would also provide an amount of urine in the bladder.
The nurse is assisting the physician in completing a cystoscopy. In which position would the nurse place the client when preparing for the procedure?
- A. On the client's back with knees to the side
- B. On the client's back with feet in the stirrups
- C. On the client's right side with a pillow behind the back
- D. On the client's left side with a pillow behind the back
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client who is undergoing a cystoscopy will be positioned on the back with the feet in stirrups. The client is also to have an empty bladder and may be sedated for the procedure.
The nurse is providing care to a client who has a renal biopsy. The nurse would need to be alert for signs and symptoms of what?
- A. Bleeding
- B. Infection
- C. Dehydration
- D. Allergic reaction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Renal biopsy carries the risk of post-procedure bleeding because the kidneys receive up to 25% of the cardiac output each minute. Therefore, the nurse would need to be alert for signs and symptoms of bleeding. Although infection is also a risk, the risk for bleeding is greater. Dehydration and allergic reaction are not associated with a renal biopsy.
The nurse is caring for an 84-year-old client who is being admitted for diagnostic studies for a potential renal disorder. The nurse planning care has initiated a care plan of 'knowledge deficiency related to poor understanding of diagnostic studies as manifested by client statements of not understanding diagnostic procedures and elevated anxiety.' Which nursing intervention(s) does the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Assess client's level of understanding.
- B. Provide written reading material.
- C. Remain with client and answer questions.
- D. Administer an ordered sedative.
- E. Use simple language.
- F. Direct instruction to family.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: The nurse is caring for a client who is unsure of the diagnostic study and is anxious. The nursing interventions to assist the client begin with understanding knowledge base following an assessment of understanding. Next, remaining with client and answering questions in simple terms alleviates anxiety and opens teaching and communication. If all consents are signed, an ordered sedative may diminish client anxiety. Providing written material at this time is not helpful and may increase anxiety. All instruction should be primarily directed toward the client but include all family members.
The nurse is caring for a client about to undergo urologic testing. Which nursing action is best to comfort the client?
- A. Reassure the client the nurses are here to help and all will be fine.
- B. Allow for client's family to be present during testing.
- C. Provide for privacy and allow verbalization of concerns.
- D. Allow the client to determine the care to be provided.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients undergoing diagnostic testing are often anxious and worried. Clients having urologic testing may also feel embarrassed. Telling the client that all will be well dismisses the client's concerns. Provide privacy, reassurance, and information and maintain professional and empathic attitude. Allowing families to be present during testing and the client to determine care is not appropriate and may be distracting to the client.