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A patient asks the nurse several questions about their diagnosis and treatment options. What is the nurse's primary responsibility in responding to these questions?
- A. Provide brief and vague answers to avoid overwhelming the patient.
- B. Refer the patient to the physician for all medical-related questions.
- C. Listen actively and provide accurate, honest, and comprehensive answers.
- D. Ignore the patient's questions and focus on completing other tasks.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse's primary responsibility in responding to a patient's questions about their diagnosis and treatment options is to listen actively and provide accurate, honest, and comprehensive answers. This approach helps build trust between the patient and the healthcare team, allows the patient to make informed decisions about their care, and ensures that the patient understands their condition and the recommended treatment plan. Providing vague answers or ignoring the patient's questions can lead to confusion, anxiety, and mistrust, which can hinder the patient's overall care and recovery. Referring the patient to the physician for all questions may be appropriate for certain medical inquiries, but the nurse plays a crucial role in educating and supporting the patient throughout their healthcare journey.
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Lillian asks the nurse the cause of this ailment. Which of the following would the nurse explain as predisposing factors of mastitis? (Select all that apply) I. Milk stasis II. Nipple trauma III. Using alcohol in cleaning nipples IV. Baby 's sitting position
- A. II and IV
- B. I and II
- C. I and IV
- D. II and III
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mastitis is typically caused by bacterial infection, with predisposing factors including milk stasis (I) and nipple trauma (II). Milk stasis occurs when milk is not effectively removed from the breast, leading to a build-up that can block ducts and predispose to infection. Nipple trauma, such as cracks or damage, can provide entry points for bacteria to infect the breast tissue. Factors like using alcohol in cleaning nipples (III) and the baby's sitting position (IV) are not directly associated with the development of mastitis.
Which of the following is a qualitative research design where lived experiences of individuals are examined in their "life-world"?
- A. Ethnography
- B. Phenomenology
- C. Ethology
- D. Grounded theory
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenomenology is a qualitative research design that focuses on exploring and understanding the lived experiences of individuals within their "life-worlds." It seeks to uncover the essence of a phenomenon as it is experienced subjectively by individuals, aiming to understand the underlying meanings and perspectives through in-depth interviews, observations, and reflections. In phenomenology, researchers aim to set aside their own biases and preconceptions to capture the essence of the participants' experiences as they see them. This approach allows researchers to gain insight into how individuals make sense of and interpret their world, providing rich and detailed accounts of unique human experiences.
A nurse is preparing to perform a continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) procedure for a patient following urological surgery. What action should the nurse prioritize to prevent complications during CBI?
- A. Adjusting the irrigation flow rate based on the patient's urine output
- B. Changing the irrigation solution every 24 hours to maintain sterility
- C. Using tap water for irrigation to prevent electrolyte imbalances
- D. Limiting the duration of CBI to minimize the risk of bladder distention
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should prioritize adjusting the irrigation flow rate based on the patient's urine output to prevent complications during continuous bladder irrigation (CBI). Proper adjustment of the irrigation flow rate helps maintain adequate bladder drainage while preventing bladder distention, clot formation, and potential irrigation fluid overload. Monitoring the patient's urine output and adjusting the flow rate accordingly ensures optimal functioning of the CBI system and enhances patient safety. This proactive approach minimizes the risk of complications and promotes effective postoperative care following urological surgery.
Which of the following health teaching concern for the nurse as discharged plan for suicidal patient who had been taking tricyclic antidepressant drugs for 2 weeks and now ready to go home?
- A. The nurse will need to include teaching regarding signs of narcoleptic malignant syndrome.
- B. The patient will need regular laboratory work to monitor therapeutic drug levels.
- C. The nurse will evaluate the risk for suicide by overdose of tricyclic antidepressant.
- D. The patient may need a prescription for Benadryl to use for side effects.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When discharging a suicidal patient who has been taking tricyclic antidepressant drugs, it is crucial for the nurse to evaluate the risk for suicide by overdose of the medication. Tricyclic antidepressants have a narrow therapeutic index, meaning that the difference between a therapeutic dose and a toxic dose can be quite small. This makes them particularly dangerous in cases of overdose, as they can lead to severe toxic effects, including cardiac arrhythmias, seizures, and death.
The research team will use summary indicators of health as method to depict health status. What is this approach called?
- A. Analytic
- B. Descriptive
- C. Holistic
- D. Evaluative
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The approach of using summary indicators of health to depict health status is known as a descriptive approach. In this method, researchers aim to provide a clear and concise summary of the health status of a population or group. It involves presenting information in a straightforward manner, without making judgments or interpretations about the data. Descriptive statistics are often used in public health research to provide an overview of key health indicators and trends. This approach helps to identify patterns and characteristics within the data, which can then be used to inform decision-making and interventions aimed at improving health outcomes.