NCLEX Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

NCLEX Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Related

Review NCLEX Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies related questions and content

The nurse completes teaching insulin administration to the parent of the toddler newly diagnosed with type 1 DM. The nurse concludes that the teaching was successful when the parent makes which statement?

  • A. NPH insulin is only given at night immediately before the bedtime snack.
  • B. I should use only the buttocks for the insulin injections until the child is older.
  • C. Insulin lispro acts within 15 minutes and peaks 30 to 90 minutes after injection.
  • D. Insulin detemir can be added to the insulin lispro pen to reduce the number of injections.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A: NPH (Humulin N) insulin can be given in the morning, but there is better glucose control if given at night. NPH peaks in 4 to 14 hours, so there is no need to make sure food is given immediately after administration. B: Insulin injections should always be rotated to prevent subcutaneous tissue damage from giving the injections in the same location. C: Lispro (Humalog) is rapid-acting insulin that peaks in 30 to 90 minutes and may last as long as 5 hours in the blood. This statement is correct, indicating teaching is effective. D: Detemir (Levemir) is long-acting and lispro (Humalog) is rapid-acting insulin. An insulin pen uses prefilled, multiple-use insulin cartridges; adding other types of insulins should not be attempted.

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The nurse is assessing the client newly started on benztropine mesylate. Which findings indicate that the client is experiencing the most common side effects of benztropine mesylate?

  • A. Dizziness, headache, and insomnia
  • B. Weight gain, tremors, and sedation
  • C. Blurred vision, dry mouth, and constipation
  • D. Headache, dry mouth, and sexual dysfunction
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Blurred vision, dry mouth, and constipation are common side effects of anticholinergic agents like benztropine mesylate (Cogentin).

The client is being treated with Clozapine. Which findings during the nurse's assessment indicate that the client is experiencing adverse effects of Clozapine? Select all that apply.

  • A. Dehydration
  • B. Agranulocytosis
  • C. Increasing anxiety
  • D. Extreme salivation
  • E. Blood glucose 192 mg/dL
Correct Answer: B,D,E

Rationale: Agranulocytosis, hypersalivation, and hyperglycemia are adverse effects of clozapine (Clozaril).

The client with CP is taking dantrolene. The nurse evaluates that the medication is effective when noting that the client has an increase in which findings? Select all that apply.

  • A. Muscle spasticity
  • B. Urinary frequency
  • C. Level of mobility
  • D. Ability to maintain balance
  • E. Level of alertness
Correct Answer: C,D

Rationale: A: Increased muscle spasticity indicates the medication is not effective. B: Common adverse effects include urinary frequency. C: Dantrolene acts directly on skeletal muscles to inhibit muscle contraction, improving mobility. D: Dantrolene acts directly on skeletal muscles to inhibit muscle contraction, improving the ability to maintain balance. E: Dantrolene does not increase alertness.

A client with asthma develops respiratory acidosis. Based on this diagnosis, what should the nurse expect the client's serum potassium level to be?

  • A. normal
  • B. elevated
  • C. low
  • D. unrelated to the pH
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hyperkalemia occurs in a state of acidosis because potassium moves from injured cells into the bloodstream.

What is pica?

  • A. dependency on alcohol
  • B. increased iron in the diet
  • C. the sickle cell trait
  • D. eating ice
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Pica represents the ingestion of nonfood substances that leads to a clinical iron deficiency and might actually be the first sign of a problem. Clients eat a wide range of nonfood items, including ice, clay, dirt, and paste.

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