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The nurse correctly instructs the client to avoid which type of fluid?
- A. Milk
- B. Alcohol
- C. Cranberry juice
- D. Carbonated drinks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alcohol increases uric acid levels, worsening gout.
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Which nursing observation provides the best indication that the halo-cervical traction device is applied appropriately?
- A. The client has full range of motion in the neck.
- B. The client's neck pain is within a tolerable level.
- C. The client can speak and hear at preinjury levels.
- D. The client reports the ability to see straight ahead.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ability to see straight ahead indicates proper alignment of the halo device, ensuring the cervical spine is stabilized correctly. Full neck motion contradicts the purpose, and pain or speech/hearing are less specific.
The client has a fractured right ankle that has just been casted. The nurse is instructing the client in crutch walking techniques. Which method is most appropriate?
- A. Move the right crutch, then the left foot, then the left crutch, and finally the right foot.
- B. Balance weight on the left foot and move right foot and both crutches forward, then bear weight on both crutches and move the left foot forward.
- C. Move the right crutch and left foot forward together; then move the left crutch and right foot.
- D. Move the right crutch and right foot together; then move the left crutch and the left foot.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct crutch walking technique (three-point gait) involves moving the right crutch, then the left foot, followed by the left crutch, and finally the right foot, protecting the fractured ankle.
The nurse is teaching the client with carpal tunnel syndrome how best to utilize a wrist splint. Which statement is most appropriate for the nurse to include in the teaching?
- A. Leave the splint in place even when bathing.
- B. Wear the splint as tight as can be tolerated.
- C. Remove the splint intermittently throughout the day.
- D. Only wear the splint when doing work that stresses the fingers.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: C. Although the splint decreases swelling and promotes healing and is necessary in the management of the pain with carpal tunnel syndrome, it should be removed intermittently during the day to exercise the wrist and bathe.
What is the purpose of the continuous passive motion (CPM) machine that the nurse should explain while teaching the client?
- A. A CPM machine is used to strengthen the leg muscles.
- B. A CPM machine is used to relieve foot swelling.
- C. A CPM machine is used to reduce surgical pain.
- D. A CPM machine is used to restore joint function.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: CPM promotes joint mobility and prevents stiffness post-arthroplasty.
Which nursing instruction is most beneficial to minimize stress on the client's painful joints?
- A. Maintain a normal weight.
- B. Apply a topical analgesic cream.
- C. Take a calcium supplement.
- D. Become more physically active.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Maintaining normal weight reduces joint stress, especially in osteoarthritis.