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The nurse discusses treatment for side effects of perimenopause. What education should be provided?
- A. Menopausal hormone therapy can decrease symptoms of menopause.
- B. Hot flashes are normal, and no one should need treatment for this symptom.
- C. Medications to decrease estrogen can help with insomnia.
- D. Depression is normal, so no treatment is needed.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
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Which is the most dangerous effect on the fetus of a patient who smokes cigarettes while pregnant?
- A. Intrauterine growth restriction
- B. Genetic changes and anomalies
- C. Extensive central nervous system damage
- D. Fetal addiction to the substance inhaled
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smoking cigarettes during pregnancy is known to have harmful effects on the fetus, with one of the most serious consequences being intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). IUGR occurs when the fetus does not grow at a normal rate inside the womb, leading to a lower birth weight. This can have long-term implications on the overall health and development of the baby, including increased risk of various health problems later in life such as respiratory issues, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders. In severe cases, IUGR can even result in stillbirth or neonatal death. Therefore, it is crucial for pregnant individuals to avoid smoking to protect the health and well-being of their unborn child.
The nurse is conducting a prenatal class on the female reproductive system. When a client asks why the fertilized ovum stays in the fallopian tube for 3 days, what is the best response?
- A. It promotes the fertilized ovum's chances of survival.
- B. It promotes the fertilized ovum's exposure to estrogen and progesterone.
- C. It promotes the fertilized ovum's normal implantation in the top portion of the uterus.
- D. It promotes the fertilized ovum's exposure to luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The delay ensures the ovum reaches the uterus at the right developmental stage for proper implantation in the upper uterine segment.
The nurse is monitoring a client who is 34 weeks ges- dividing?
- A. Trophoblast or inner cell mass that becomes the fetal monitor tracing are a priority for the nurse to placenta
- B. Embryoblast or inner cell mass that becomes the that apply. embryo
- C. Baseline FHR 140, accelerations, late decelerations,
- D. Morula
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of the question, the nurse is monitoring a 34-week gestation client. At 34 weeks, the trophoblast or inner cell mass has already developed into the placenta, which is formed earlier in pregnancy. Therefore, choice A is the most relevant option in this scenario. Trophoblast is critical for implantation and the formation of the placenta, which plays a vital role in supporting the developing fetus by providing oxygen and nutrients. Understanding the different stages of fetal development can help the nurse provide optimal care and monitor for any potential issues that may arise during pregnancy.
A patient who was diagnosed prenatally as having epidural for pain management. What should the greater than 2,000 mL of amniotic fluid just deliv- nurse be prepared to do? Select all that apply. ered a 9 lb (4,082 g) baby girl. Her nurse is aware
- A. Assess maternal vital signs that she is now at risk for which condition?
- B. Assess FHR
- C. Infection
- D. Assist patient to the bathroom to void
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Assess maternal vital signs: With the delivery of a baby with macrosomia (greater than 4,000 g), the mother is at risk for postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony, retained placental fragments, or lacerations. Therefore, assessing maternal vital signs is crucial in detecting any signs of hemorrhage promptly.
A client at 36 weeks' gestation reports decreased fetal movement. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Perform a nonstress test.
- B. Encourage the client to drink orange juice.
- C. Schedule an ultrasound.
- D. Notify the healthcare provider.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A nonstress test evaluates fetal well-being and is the first step in assessing decreased fetal movement.