Nokea
The nurse documents which finding as expected on inspection of the anus?
- A. Skin tone darker and coarser than that of the surrounding skin
- B. Sphincter lightly closed when the patient is relaxed
- C. Large amount of stiff, curling hair surrounding the anus
- D. Slight protrusion under the skin when the patient strains or bears down
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the normal skin tone of the anus is typically slightly darker and coarser than the surrounding skin due to increased melanin concentration. This is a result of the natural pigmentation of the area.
Choice B is incorrect because the sphincter should be relaxed during inspection, not lightly closed. Choice C is incorrect as a large amount of stiff, curling hair surrounding the anus is not an expected finding. Choice D is incorrect as a slight protrusion under the skin when the patient strains or bears down could indicate hemorrhoids, which are not considered normal.
You may also like to solve these questions
_________ is an example of a viviparous animal.
- A. Goat
- B. Duck
- C. Crocodile
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Goat. Viviparous animals give birth to live young instead of laying eggs. Goats fall under this category as they give birth to live kids. Ducks (B) are oviparous, laying eggs. Crocodiles (C) are also oviparous, laying eggs. Choice D is incorrect as goats are viviparous animals.
The child's sex is determined by:
- A. the type of the spermatozoon that fecundates the ovule;
- B. the type of the fecundated ovule;
- C. the sex chromosome of the ovule;
- D. the sex chromosome of the spermatozoon
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the sex of the child is determined by the sex chromosome carried by the spermatozoon that fertilizes the ovule. Sperm carries either an X or a Y chromosome, determining if the child will be male (XY) or female (XX). Choices A and B are incorrect because the type of spermatozoon or ovule does not solely determine the child's sex. Choice C is incorrect as well because the sex chromosome of the ovule alone does not determine the child's sex.
Which blood vessel in the fetus has the highest Po2?
- A. Ductus arteriosus
- B. Ductus venosus
- C. Ascending aorta
- D. Left atrium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ductus venosus. The ductus venosus carries oxygenated blood from the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver. This blood has the highest Po2 among the choices because it is coming directly from the placenta, where oxygen exchange occurs. The other choices (A, C, D) carry deoxygenated blood or blood with lower oxygen content in the fetal circulation. The ductus arteriosus shunts blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, so it carries deoxygenated blood. The ascending aorta and left atrium receive mixed oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, not the highest Po2.
Which of the following statements relating to lactation is incorrect.
- A. plasma prolactin releasing factor stimulates the release of prolactin from the anterior pituitary.
- B. mechanical stimulation and neural inputs stimulate the anterior pituitary to secrete prolactin releasing factor and oxytocin.
- C. plasma oxytocin stimulates the contraction of breast glands causing milk ejection.
- D. progesterone helps prepare the mammary glands for lactation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because mechanical stimulation and neural inputs do not directly stimulate the anterior pituitary to secrete prolactin releasing factor and oxytocin. The release of prolactin is primarily controlled by the hypothalamus through the release of prolactin inhibitory hormone (dopamine) and prolactin releasing hormone. Oxytocin release is controlled by the hypothalamus in response to suckling. Choices A, C, and D are all correct statements about lactation. Plasma prolactin releasing factor (prolactin releasing hormone) does stimulate the release of prolactin, plasma oxytocin does stimulate milk ejection, and progesterone does prepare the mammary glands for lactation.
Which of the following is a fungal disease of the reproductive system?
- A. Syphilis
- B. Gonorrhea
- C. Candidiasis
- D. Genital Herpes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Candidiasis. Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by the Candida fungus, commonly affecting the reproductive system. It can cause symptoms like itching, burning, and abnormal discharge.
A: Syphilis is a bacterial infection transmitted through sexual contact.
B: Gonorrhea is a bacterial infection affecting the reproductive system.
D: Genital Herpes is a viral infection that affects the genital area.
In summary, Candidiasis is the only fungal disease listed, making it the correct choice for a fungal infection of the reproductive system.