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The nurse explains that an alternative therapy that uses essential oils and scented candles to help a patient relax and focuses on the atmosphere of the moment is
Correct Answer: aromatherapy
Rationale: Aromatherapy uses essential oils and scented candles to soothe the senses and make people aware of the here and now of the pleasant environment.
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The nurse is discussing the differences between a patient with a neurosis and one with a psychosis. What is true of the patient experiencing a neurosis?
- A. The patient experiences a flight from reality.
- B. The patient usually needs hospitalization.
- C. The patient has insight that there is an emotional problem.
- D. The patient has severe personality deterioration.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An individual with a neurosis has insight that he has an emotional problem. A person with psychosis is out of touch with reality and has severe personality deterioration. Treatment for neurosis is usually completed in the outpatient setting, while treatment for psychosis often requires hospitalization.
When a patient demonstrates accelerated heart rate, trembling, choking, and chest pain along with acute, intense, and overwhelming anxiety, the nurse should recognize that the patient is most likely experiencing what condition?
- A. Terror
- B. Fright
- C. Fear
- D. Panic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Panic can be defined as an attack of acute, intense, and overwhelming anxiety.
The nurse instructs a patient who has just been prescribed a protocol of fluoxetine HCl (Prozac) that the drug takes 2 to 4 to take effect.
Correct Answer: weeks
Rationale: Antidepressants of this type take 2 to 4 weeks before any effect is felt by the patient.
What is the term for a long-term and intense form of psychotherapy developed by Sigmund Freud that allows a patient's unconscious thoughts to be brought to the surface?
- A. Adjunctive
- B. Behavior
- C. Psychoanalysis
- D. Cognitive
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Psychoanalysis technique was developed by Sigmund Freud and is a long-term and intense therapy.
For the past 3 weeks, the nurse has observed a patient interacting with staff and other patients, helping decorate the dining room for a party, and leading the singing in the activity room. Today, the patient tearfully refuses to dress or get out of bed. The nurse recognizes these behaviors as evidence of which psychiatric disorder?
- A. Unipolar depression
- B. Dysthymic disorder
- C. Hypomanic episode
- D. Bipolar disorder
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bipolar disorder can cause the patient to experience a sudden shift in emotion from one extreme to the other.