Nokea
The nurse explains that the negative feedback inhibition controls hormone release by communication between which two anatomical areas?
- A. the pituitary and the target organ.
- B. the thymus and the bloodstream.
- C. lymphatic system and the target organ.
- D. central nervous system and the bloodstream.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The amount of hormone released is controlled by negative feedback inhibition. The negative feedback inhibition process is when a gland releases a primary hormone, which stimulates target cells to release a secondary hormone; the gland slows the release of the primary hormone as it senses the rise of the secondary hormone. Information is constantly being exchanged via the bloodstream between target organs and endocrine glands.
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For which reason would a patient with hyperthyroidism be prescribed the drug methimazole?
- A. To limit the effect of the pituitary on the thyroid.
- B. To destroy part of the hyperactive thyroid tissue.
- C. To stimulate the pineal gland.
- D. To block the production of thyroid hormones.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Medical management for hyperthyroidism may include administration of drugs that block the production of thyroid hormones, such as propylthiouracil or methimazole.
The nurse should observe the patient for which major life-threatening complication postoperatively of a thyroidectomy?
- A. Hemorrhaging
- B. Seizures
- C. Tetany
- D. Hypoglycemia
- E. Thyroid crisis (storm)
- F. SIADH
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: The nurse must be alert for signs of internal or external bleeding. In addition to hemorrhage, two significant postoperative complications exist after thyroidectomy. The first is tetany. The second is thyroid crisis. Manipulation of the thyroid during surgery may cause the release of large amounts of thyroid hormones into the bloodstream, creating a thyroid crisis (storm).
A patient has returned to his room after a thyroidectomy with signs of thyroid crisis. During thyroid crisis, exaggerated hyperthyroid manifestations may lead to the development of which potentially lethal complication?
- A. severe nausea and vomiting.
- B. bradycardia.
- C. delirium with restlessness.
- D. congestive heart failure.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In thyroid crisis, all the signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism are exaggerated. The patient may develop congestive heart failure and die.
Which nutritious food should the nurse reinforce instruction for a patient with hyperthyroidism (Graves disease) to select because of the increased metabolism related to the disease?
- A. Coffee with cream
- B. Lean meat
- C. White bread
- D. Leafy green vegetables
- E. Supplemental vitamin D
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Nutritious food sources, such as food high in protein (e.g., lean meat), sources of vitamin B (e.g., leafy green vegetables), and vitamin D supplements are helpful to meet the metabolic needs of the patient with hyperthyroidism.
To which diet should a patient with Cushing syndrome adhere?
- A. Less sodium
- B. More calories
- C. Less potassium
- D. More carbohydrates
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The diet should be lower in sodium to help decrease edema.