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The nurse has administered 4 oz of orange juice to an alert patient whose blood glucose was 62 mg/dL. Fifteen minutes later, the blood glucose is 67 mg/dL. Which action should the nurse take next?
- A. Give the patient 4 to 6 oz more orange juice.
- B. Administer the PRN glucagon (Glucagon) 1 mg IM.
- C. Have the patient eat some peanut butter with crackers.
- D. Notify the healthcare provider about the hypoglycemia.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is A because the patient's blood glucose level has increased slightly, indicating the orange juice is working. Giving more orange juice is appropriate to continue raising the blood glucose level. Administering glucagon (B) is not necessary as the patient's glucose is improving. Eating peanut butter with crackers (C) may be too slow to raise the glucose level. Notifying the healthcare provider (D) is not needed at this point as the patient is responding to the initial intervention.
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Who is the best person to describe the job to an applicant?
- A. Previous employee
- B. Human resource manager
- C. Nursing manager
- D. Chief operating officer
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, the nursing manager. A nursing manager is directly involved in overseeing the job duties and requirements, making them the best person to provide an accurate description to an applicant. They have detailed knowledge of the role and can provide insights on what the job entails. A previous employee may offer subjective views, while a human resource manager may not have a deep understanding of the specific job duties. The chief operating officer may not have direct knowledge of the day-to-day responsibilities of the position. Therefore, the nursing manager is the most suitable choice for describing the job accurately to an applicant.
What is the primary focus of health promotion activities?
- A. To manage chronic diseases
- B. To educate patients about their health
- C. To prevent the onset of disease
- D. To identify and treat diseases early
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: To prevent the onset of disease. Health promotion activities aim to prevent illnesses before they occur by promoting healthy behaviors and lifestyles. This is a proactive approach that focuses on preventing diseases rather than managing or treating them after they have developed. Choice A focuses on managing existing conditions, choice B emphasizes educating patients after the fact, and choice D focuses on early detection and treatment rather than prevention. Preventing disease through health promotion is the most effective and cost-efficient approach to improving overall health outcomes.
The complexities of the current health care delivery systems require a variety of leadership styles. Which of the following is one that has emerged in response to these changes?
- A. Quantum
- B. Servant
- C. Autocratic
- D. Democratic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Quantum. Quantum leadership style emphasizes adaptability, innovation, and collaboration, which are essential in navigating the complexities of modern healthcare systems. This style encourages leaders to be flexible, open to change, and able to think holistically.
Servant leadership (B) focuses on serving others and may not provide the agility needed to address the rapidly evolving healthcare landscape. Autocratic leadership (C) is authoritative and may not foster the necessary collaboration and empowerment required in modern healthcare settings. Democratic leadership (D) involves shared decision-making but might not be as transformative and adaptable as quantum leadership in response to the complexities of healthcare delivery systems.
Behavioral leadership theory recognizes three styles of leadership. Which of the following best describes democratic leadership?
- A. The democratic leader communicates meaning and purpose.
- B. The democratic leader gives orders and makes decisions for the group.
- C. The democratic leader does little planning or decision making.
- D. The democratic leader makes plans and decisions with the team.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Democratic leadership involves collaboration and shared decision-making.
2. Option D aligns with this as it states that the leader makes plans and decisions with the team.
3. This style empowers team members and fosters a sense of ownership and commitment.
4. Option A is incorrect as communication of meaning and purpose is not exclusive to democratic leadership.
5. Option B is incorrect as giving orders contradicts the collaborative nature of democratic leadership.
6. Option C is incorrect as doing little planning or decision-making goes against the essence of democratic leadership.
After a violent incident, staff needs to discuss what occurred. Several actions need to be taken following the incident:
- A. Debrief the staff and complete incident reports and verify that all staff are safe
- B. Reassure the violent patient that hurting staff when ill is not cause for concern
- C. Avoid any interactions
- D. Standing close to the patient while talking
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it ensures the safety and well-being of staff by debriefing them, completing incident reports, and verifying their safety. This action promotes communication, support, and documentation after a violent incident. Reassuring the patient (B) is important but not the immediate priority. Avoiding interactions (C) is counterproductive as addressing the incident is necessary. Standing close to the patient (D) can potentially escalate the situation and compromise safety.