Nokea
The nurse has attended a staff education program about blood transfusion reactions. Which of the following statements by the nurse would indicate a correct understanding of how to prevent a febrile reaction?
- A. The blood product recipient should be thoroughly screened for any infectious diseases.
- B. Leukocyte-reduced blood products should be used.
- C. A prescribed antihistamine should be administered before a transfusion.
- D. ABO compatibility should be verified between the blood donor and recipient before transfusion.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Leukocyte-reduced blood products minimize febrile reactions caused by white blood cell antigens. Screening for infectious diseases prevents disease transmission, antihistamines prevent allergic reactions, and ABO compatibility prevents hemolytic reactions, not febrile reactions.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is assessing a client with age-related cataracts. Which of the following assessment findings would support this diagnosis of age-related cataracts?
- A. peripheral vision loss
- B. central vision loss
- C. difficulty seeing at night, especially while driving
- D. blurred vision with headache
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Age-related cataracts often cause difficulty seeing at night, particularly while driving, due to lens opacity scattering light. Peripheral vision loss is more associated with glaucoma, central vision loss with macular degeneration, and blurred vision with headache is typical of angle-closure glaucoma.
A 28-year-old client with cancer is afraid of experiencing a febrile reaction associated with blood transfusions. He asks the nurse if this will happen to him. The nurse's best response is which of the following?
- A. Febrile reactions are caused when antibodies on the surface of blood cells in the transfusion are directed against antigens of the recipient.
- B. Febrile reactions can usually be prevented by administering antipyretics and antihistamines before the start of the transfusion.
- C. Febrile reactions are rarely immune-mediated and can be a sign of hemolytic transfusion.
- D. Febrile reactions primarily occur within 15 minutes after initiation of the transfusion and can occur during the blood transfusion.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Febrile reactions can often be prevented with premedication like antipyretics and antihistamines, which is a reassuring and accurate response for the client.
Which of the following symptoms might indicate that a client was developing tetany after a subtotal thyroidectomy?
- A. Pains in the joints of the hands and feet.
- B. Tingling in the fingers.
- C. Bleeding on the back of the dressing.
- D. Tension on the suture line.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tetany, caused by hypocalcemia from parathyroid gland damage during thyroidectomy, presents with tingling in the fingers, muscle cramps, or spasms.
A nurse is caring for a client who has just returned from surgery to treat a fractured mandible. Which of the following items should always be available at this client's bedside? Select all that apply.
- A. Nasogastric tube.
- B. Wire cutters.
- C. Oxygen cannula.
- D. Suction equipment.
- E. Code cart.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: For a client with a wired jaw due to a fractured mandible, wire cutters are essential in case of an emergency, such as vomiting, to quickly release the wires and prevent aspiration. Suction equipment is also critical to maintain a patent airway by removing secretions or vomit. A nasogastric tube, oxygen cannula, and code cart are not routinely required at the bedside unless specifically indicated.
A client has the following arterial blood gas values: pH, 7.52; PaO2, 50 mm Hg; PaCO2, 28 mm Hg; HCO3ˆ’, 24 mEq/L. The nurse determines that which of the following is a possible cause for these findings?
- A. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- B. Diabetic ketoacidosis with Kussmaul's respirations.
- C. Myocardial infarction.
- D. Pulmonary embolus.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ABG shows respiratory alkalosis (high pH, low PaCO2) and severe hypoxia (PaO2 50). Pulmonary embolus causes hypoxia and hyperventilation, matching these findings. COPD causes CO2 retention. Ketoacidosis causes metabolic acidosis. Myocardial infarction is less likely to cause this pattern.