Nokea
The glands that produce a thick, yellowish secretion which nourishes and activates sperm are the __
- A. bulbo-urethral glands
- B. prostate
- C. seminal glands (vesicles)
- D. ejaculatory duct
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: bulbo-urethral glands. These glands produce a thick, yellowish secretion known as pre-ejaculate or Cowper's fluid. It serves to nourish and activate sperm. The other choices are incorrect because:
B: The prostate gland produces a milky fluid that helps with sperm motility.
C: The seminal glands (vesicles) produce a fluid that provides energy for sperm.
D: The ejaculatory duct is a passageway for semen to leave the body, it does not produce any secretions.
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The accessory glands of the male reproductive system are:
- A. corpus spongiosum;
- B. corpus cavernosum;
- C. penis;
- D. seminal vesicles;
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: seminal vesicles. Seminal vesicles are accessory glands that produce a significant portion of the fluid that makes up semen. They contribute nutrients and substances that support sperm viability and motility. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they are structures of the penis involved in erection and urination, not accessory glands of the male reproductive system.
The opening to the uterus:
- A. Vagina
- B. Ovary
- C. Cervix
- D. hypermenorrhoea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cervix. The cervix is the opening to the uterus, allowing passage of sperm into the uterus and menstrual blood out of the uterus. The vagina (A) is the canal leading from the cervix to the outside of the body. The ovary (B) is responsible for producing eggs and hormones but is not the opening to the uterus. Hypermenorrhoea (D) refers to excessive menstrual bleeding and is not related to the opening to the uterus.
The initiation of puberty and menses in a female, involves increased levels of _____.
- A. FSH
- B. LH
- C. estrogen
- D. progesterone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: estrogen. During puberty in females, the hypothalamus signals the pituitary gland to release hormones, leading to increased estrogen levels. Estrogen plays a key role in the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the onset of menstruation. FSH and LH are also involved in the menstrual cycle but do not directly initiate puberty. Progesterone is mainly involved in the menstrual cycle's later stages, not the initiation of puberty.
Birth control pills containing combinations of synthetic estrogen and progesterone compounds given for the first 21 days of the menstrual cycle are effective in preventing pregnancy. What is the explanation for their efficacy?
- A. Prevention of the preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone secretion from the pituitary gland
- B. Prevention of development of the ovarian follicles
- C. Suppressing function of the corpus luteum soon after it forms
- D. Prevention of normal development of the endometrium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Birth control pills containing estrogen and progesterone prevent the preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion from the pituitary gland. This leads to the inhibition of ovulation, preventing the release of an egg from the ovary. Without ovulation, fertilization cannot occur, effectively preventing pregnancy.
Choice B is incorrect because birth control pills do not prevent the development of ovarian follicles; they prevent ovulation. Choice C is incorrect because suppressing the function of the corpus luteum is not the primary mechanism of action of birth control pills. Choice D is incorrect because birth control pills do not prevent the normal development of the endometrium; they primarily prevent ovulation.
A 67-year-old man who was admitted for a transurethral resection and fulguration of a stage A bladder tumor is ready for discharge. In his discharge teaching plan the nurse should reinforce the importance of his physician for
- A. periodic cystoscopies
- B. headaches
- C. routine urinalysis
- D. increased daily urinary output
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Periodic cystoscopies are important to monitor for recurrence of bladder tumors.