Nokea
The nurse has determined that an adolescents body mass index (BMI) is in the 90th percentile. What information should the nurse convey to the adolescent?
- A. The adolescent is overweight.
- B. The adolescent has maintained weight within the normal range.
- C. The adolescent is at risk for becoming overweight.
- D. Nutritional supplementation should occur at least three times per week
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A BMI in the 85th-94th percentile indicates a risk for becoming overweight, requiring monitoring and lifestyle changes. A BMI ?95th percentile denotes overweight, and supplementation is not indicated.
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The school nurse is seeing a child who collected some poison ivy leaves during recess. He says only his hands touched it. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
- A. Soak his hands in warm water.
- B. Apply Burow's solution compresses.
- C. Rinse his hands in cold running water.
- D. Scrub his hands thoroughly with antibacterial soap.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rinsing with cold running water within 15 minutes neutralizes urushiol, the oil causing poison ivy dermatitis, preventing it from bonding to the skin. Warm water is used after dermatitis develops, Burow's solution treats lesions, and antibacterial soap can spread urushiol by removing skin oils.
A toddler has a deep laceration contaminated with dirt and sand. Before closing the wound, the nurse should irrigate with what solution?
- A. Alcohol
- B. Normal saline
- C. Povidone-iodine
- D. Hydrogen peroxide
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Normal saline is the safest and most effective solution for irrigating open wounds as it cleans without causing tissue damage. Alcohol is too harsh, povidone-iodine is contraindicated for fresh wounds due to cytotoxicity, and hydrogen peroxide can cause subcutaneous gas formation under pressure.
During a well-child visit, the nurse plots the childs BMI on the health record. What is the purpose of the BMI?
- A. To determine medication dosages
- B. To predict adult height and weight
- C. To identify coping strategies used by the child
- D. To provide a consistent measure of obesity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: BMI provides a standardized measure to assess obesity by comparing body weight to height, guiding interventions. It?s not used for medication dosages, height prediction, or coping strategies.
The middle school nurse is planning a behavior modification program for overweight children. What is the most important goal for participants of the program?
- A. Learn how to cook low-fat meals.
- B. Improve relationships with peers.
- C. Identify and eliminate inappropriate eating habits.
- D. Achieve normal weight during the program.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Identifying and eliminating inappropriate eating habits is the core of behavior modification, addressing root causes of obesity. Cooking skills are secondary, peer relationships are not the focus, and normal weight is a long-term goal.
A 6-year-old boy with very fair skin will be joining his family during a beach vacation. What should the nurse recommend?
- A. Keep him off the beach during the daytime hours.
- B. Use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15 and reapply it every 2 to 3 hours.
- C. Apply a topical sunscreen product with an SPF of 30 in the morning.
- D. Dress him in long pants and long-sleeved shirt and keep him under a beach umbrella.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher, reapplied every 2-3 hours and after water exposure, protects fair skin from UV damage. Avoiding the beach is impractical, a single SPF 30 application is insufficient, and long clothing with an umbrella is less practical than sunscreen.