Nokea
The nurse should know what about Lyme disease?
- A. Very difficult to prevent
- B. Easily treated with oral antibiotics in stages 1, 2, and 3
- C. Caused by a spirochete that enters the skin through a tick bite
- D. Common in geographic areas where the soil contains the mycotic spores that cause the disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lyme disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, a spirochete transmitted through a tick bite, leading to symptoms like erythema migrans. Prevention involves avoiding tick-infested areas and wearing protective clothing. It is not caused by mycotic spores, and while treatable with antibiotics, later stages may require more complex treatment.
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The school nurse is seeing a child who collected some poison ivy leaves during recess. He says only his hands touched it. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
- A. Soak his hands in warm water.
- B. Apply Burow's solution compresses.
- C. Rinse his hands in cold running water.
- D. Scrub his hands thoroughly with antibacterial soap.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rinsing with cold running water within 15 minutes neutralizes urushiol, the oil causing poison ivy dermatitis, preventing it from bonding to the skin. Warm water is used after dermatitis develops, Burow's solution treats lesions, and antibacterial soap can spread urushiol by removing skin oils.
The management of a child who has just been stung by a bee or wasp should include applying what?
- A. Cool compresses
- B. Antibiotic cream
- C. Warm compresses
- D. Corticosteroid cream
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cool compresses reduce swelling and pain from bee or wasp stings. Antibiotic cream is unnecessary unless infection occurs, warm compresses are not recommended, and corticosteroid cream is not part of initial treatment unless a severe reaction occurs.
An occlusive dressing is applied to a large abrasion. This is advantageous because the dressing will accomplish what?
- A. Deliver vitamin C to the wound.
- B. Provide an antiseptic for the wound.
- C. Maintain a moist environment for healing.
- D. Promote mechanical friction for healing.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Occlusive dressings, such as Acuderm, maintain a moist environment that promotes healing by preventing dehydration of the wound bed and supporting cell migration. They do not deliver vitamin C, provide antiseptic properties, or promote friction, which could harm the wound.
During a well-child visit, the nurse plots the childs BMI on the health record. What is the purpose of the BMI?
- A. To determine medication dosages
- B. To predict adult height and weight
- C. To identify coping strategies used by the child
- D. To provide a consistent measure of obesity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: BMI provides a standardized measure to assess obesity by comparing body weight to height, guiding interventions. It?s not used for medication dosages, height prediction, or coping strategies.
A 6-year-old boy with very fair skin will be joining his family during a beach vacation. What should the nurse recommend?
- A. Keep him off the beach during the daytime hours.
- B. Use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15 and reapply it every 2 to 3 hours.
- C. Apply a topical sunscreen product with an SPF of 30 in the morning.
- D. Dress him in long pants and long-sleeved shirt and keep him under a beach umbrella.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher, reapplied every 2-3 hours and after water exposure, protects fair skin from UV damage. Avoiding the beach is impractical, a single SPF 30 application is insufficient, and long clothing with an umbrella is less practical than sunscreen.