Nokea
The nurse has just received the shift report. Which one of the following clients should be seen first?
- A. A 14-year-old one day post-appendectomy with a WBC of 6500
- B. A 5-year-old three days post-fracture of the right tibia with a temperature of 101° Fahrenheit
- C. An 11-month-old admitted during the previous shift with dehydration and a hematocrit of 40
- D. An 8-week-old admitted four hours earlier with sub-sternal retractions and an oxygen saturation of 90%
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Answer D is correct. There is nothing in answer A that indicates the client is unstable. Answer B is a good choice, but the client three days post-fracture may have a slight temperature, so he should be seen second. Answer C is also a good choice, but if the infant with dehydration is stable, the 8-week-old with respiratory distress (sub-sternal retractions and low oxygen saturation) is the most critical and should be seen first.
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The nurse working on a medical-surgical unit receives change-of-shift report on several clients. Which client should the nurse see first?
- A. Client after a colonoscopic polypectomy today with abdominal cramping and a small amount of rectal bleeding
- B. Client after a laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair yesterday who reports urinary hesitancy while voiding
- C. Client after a lumbar laminectomy with spinal fusion 3 days ago who reports straining to have a bowel movement
- D. Client after a placement of an arteriovenous graft 3 days ago with a temperature of 100.9 F (38.3 C)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A fever of 100.9 F post-arteriovenous graft suggests possible infection, requiring immediate assessment. Cramping and minor bleeding are expected post-polypectomy, urinary hesitancy is common post-hernia repair, and straining is less urgent.
It is the first day on the job for the newly hired unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). Which of these illustrate appropriate assignment instructions for the licensed practical nurse (LPN) to give the UAP? Select all that apply.
- A. Elevate the right leg on two pillows.'
- B. Measure client for compression stockings.'
- C. Please let me know what the urine looks like.'
- D. Tell me what the client eats at lunch.'
- E. Verify wrist restraints are on correctly.'
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Appropriate UAP tasks include elevating a leg , observing urine appearance , and reporting food intake . Measuring for stockings and verifying restraints require nursing judgment.
The nurse should monitor for which potential complication in a client receiving IV vancomycin and gentamicin?
- A. Blood in nasogastric tube drainage
- B. Decrease in red blood cell count
- C. Increase in serum creatinine level
- D. Onset of muscle aches and cramping
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vancomycin and gentamicin are nephrotoxic, so monitoring for increased serum creatinine is essential to detect kidney injury. GI bleeding , anemia , and muscle cramps are less directly related.
The licensed practical nurse (LPN) is assisting the registered nurse in caring for 4 clients. Which client is at greatest risk for the development of deep venous thrombosis?
- A. 25-year-old client with abdominal pain who smokes cigarettes and takes oral contraceptives
- B. 55-year-old ambulatory client with exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and an elevated hematocrit level
- C. 72-year-old client who had coronary stent placement 2 days ago and has an elevated temperature
- D. 80-year-old client who had surgical repair of a fractured hip 4 days ago
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An 80-year-old post-hip surgery client is at highest DVT risk due to age, immobility, and recent surgery. Smoking and contraceptives , elevated hematocrit , and stent with fever carry risks but are less immediate.
The nurse notes all of the following. Which should be attended to first?
- A. A blind client is calling out stating that she cannot find the call bell.
- B. There is a water spill on the floor near the bed of an elderly client who ambulates regularly.
- C. A postoperative client is asking for pain medication.
- D. A diabetic client is asking for a glass of water.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A water spill near an ambulatory elderly client's bed poses an immediate fall risk, requiring prompt attention to ensure safety. Call bell access, pain, or water requests are less critical.