test bank foundations of nursing

test bank foundations of nursing Related

Review test bank foundations of nursing related questions and content

The nurse has observed that an older adult patient with a diagnosis of end-stage renal failure seems to prefer to have his eldest son make all of his health care decisions. While the family is visiting, the patient explains to you that this is a cultural practice and very important to him. How should you respond?

  • A. Privately ask the son to allow the patient to make his own health care decisions.
  • B. Explain to the patient that he is responsible for his own decisions.
  • C. Work with the team to negotiate informed consent.
  • D. Avoid divulging information to the eldest son.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Work with the team to negotiate informed consent. In this scenario, the nurse should prioritize respecting the patient's cultural beliefs while also ensuring the patient's autonomy and right to make decisions about his own healthcare. By working with the healthcare team to negotiate informed consent, the nurse can involve both the patient and his eldest son in the decision-making process, ensuring that the patient's preferences are respected while also upholding ethical principles of patient autonomy and beneficence. This approach promotes collaboration and respect for cultural values while still safeguarding the patient's rights.

Choice A is incorrect because it does not involve the patient in the decision-making process and could undermine his autonomy. Choice B is incorrect as it disregards the patient's cultural beliefs and preferences. Choice D is incorrect as it may violate the patient's right to information and involvement in his own care.

You may also like to solve these questions

Which assessment in a patient diagnosed with preeclampsia who is taking magnesium sulfate would indicate a therapeutic level of medication?

  • A. Drowsiness
  • B. Urinary output of 20 mL/hour
  • C. Normal deep tendon reflexes
  • D. Respiratory rate of 10 to 12 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Normal deep tendon reflexes. This indicates a therapeutic level of magnesium sulfate as it shows that the medication is effectively preventing hyperreflexia, a common sign of magnesium toxicity. Drowsiness (choice A) can indicate toxicity. Urinary output of 20 mL/hour (choice B) is not specific to magnesium sulfate levels. Respiratory rate of 10 to 12 breaths per minute (choice D) is indicative of respiratory depression, a sign of magnesium toxicity. Thus, choice C is the best assessment to indicate a therapeutic level of medication in a patient with preeclampsia taking magnesium sulfate.

A 6-year-old child is brought to the pediatric clinic for the assessment of redness and discharge from the eye and is diagnosed with viral conjunctivitis. What is the most important information to discuss with the parents and child?

  • A. Handwashing can prevent the spread of the disease to others.
  • B. The importance of compliance with antibiotic therapy
  • C. Signs and symptoms of complications, such as meningitis and septicemia
  • D. The likely need for surgery to prevent scarring of the conjunctiva
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Handwashing is crucial in preventing the spread of viral conjunctivitis, which is highly contagious.
Step 2: Children often touch their eyes and then surfaces, aiding in disease transmission.
Step 3: Educating parents and the child on proper hand hygiene can help contain the infection.
Step 4: Antibiotics are not effective against viral infections, so compliance is not necessary.
Step 5: Complications like meningitis and septicemia are extremely rare with viral conjunctivitis.
Step 6: Surgery is not indicated for viral conjunctivitis, as it is a self-limiting condition.

An adolescent patients history of skin hyperreactivity and inflammation has been attributed to atopic dermatitis. The nurse should recognize that this patient consequently faces an increased risk of what health problem?

  • A. Bronchitis
  • B. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
  • C. Rheumatoid arthritis
  • D. Asthma
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Asthma. Atopic dermatitis is associated with a heightened immune response and inflammation, which can predispose individuals to developing asthma. Both conditions involve an overactive immune response and can coexist in patients due to shared genetic and environmental factors. Asthma commonly presents alongside atopic dermatitis in individuals with atopic tendencies. Bronchitis (choice A) is a respiratory condition caused by inflammation of the bronchial tubes and is not directly linked to atopic dermatitis. Systemic lupus erythematosus (choice B) and rheumatoid arthritis (choice C) are autoimmune diseases that primarily affect the joints and other organs, but they are not typically associated with atopic dermatitis.

The nurse is writing a care plan for a patient with brain metastases. The nurse decides that an appropriate nursing diagnosis is anxiety related to lack of control over the health circumstances. In establishing this plan of care for the patient, the nurse should include what intervention?

  • A. The patient will receive antianxiety medications every 4 hours.
  • B. The patients family will be instructed on planning the patients care.
  • C. The patient will be encouraged to verbalize concerns related to the disease and its treatment.
  • D. The patient will begin intensive therapy with the goal of distraction.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because encouraging the patient to verbalize concerns can help alleviate anxiety by allowing the patient to express emotions and fears. This intervention promotes emotional expression and provides an outlet for the patient to discuss their worries. This can lead to increased understanding and support.

Incorrect answers:
A: Administering antianxiety medications does not address the underlying cause of anxiety and may lead to dependency.
B: Instructing the family on planning care does not directly address the patient's anxiety.
D: Distracting the patient may provide temporary relief but does not address the root cause of anxiety related to lack of control over health circumstances.

The nurse is caring for a patient of Hispanicdescent who speaks no English. The nurse is working with an interpreter. Which action should the nurse take?

  • A. Use long sentences when talking.
  • B. Look at the patient when talking.
  • C. Use breaks in sentences when talking.
  • D. Look at only nonverbal behaviors when talking.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Look at the patient when talking. This is important because maintaining eye contact shows respect, builds trust, and enhances communication with the patient. By looking at the patient, the nurse can also observe nonverbal cues and ensure the patient is engaged in the conversation.

Choice A: Using long sentences can be overwhelming for a patient who may not understand the language, leading to miscommunication.
Choice C: Using breaks in sentences may help the interpreter better convey the message, but looking at the patient is more essential for effective communication.
Choice D: Looking at only nonverbal behaviors neglects the importance of eye contact and direct communication with the patient.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.