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The nurse has taught a client who has been prescribed nitroglycerin transdermal. Which of the following statements by the client would indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?
- A. It is okay for me to apply this patch to the area that has been shaven.
- B. This patch should be removed for 4 to 6 hours to avoid me developing a tolerance.
- C. It is okay for me to wear this patch while I shower.
- D. I should apply this patch below my knee to lessen my chance of getting a headache.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Applying a nitroglycerin transdermal patch to a shaved area ensures good adhesion and absorption, indicating correct understanding. Nitroglycerin patches are typically removed for 10-12 hours to prevent tolerance, not 4-6 hours. While water-resistant, applying below the knee is not standard and does not reduce headache risk.
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The nurse is caring for a client receiving a continuous infusion of norepinephrine. The nurse should plan to monitor which of the following for the client? Select all that apply.
- A. Blood pressure
- B. Intracranial pressure
- C. Intravenous site
- D. Urine output
- E. Blood glucose
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Norepinephrine, a vasopressor, requires monitoring blood pressure (to assess efficacy), IV site (for extravasation risk), urine output (to evaluate perfusion), and blood glucose (as it can cause hyperglycemia). Intracranial pressure is not typically monitored unless neurological issues are present.
Cardiovascular Pharmacology NCLEX RN
The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications?
- A. naproxen
- B. digoxin
- C. prednisone
- D. atenolol
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Atenolol, a beta-blocker, is often prescribed to manage blood pressure and reduce stress on the aortic wall in clients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm to prevent rupture. Naproxen (an NSAID), digoxin (a cardiac glycoside), and prednisone (a corticosteroid) are not typically used for this condition.
The nurse is caring for a client prescribed a calcium channel blocker to treat primary hypertension. When providing education about medication administration, which of these foods will the nurse advise the client to avoid?
- A. Eggs
- B. Milk
- C. Grapefruit
- D. Bananas
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Grapefruit juice can inhibit the metabolism of calcium channel blockers, increasing drug levels and toxicity risk. Eggs, milk, and bananas do not interact significantly.
The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure. Which medication should the nurse clarify with the primary healthcare provider (PHCP)?
- A. lisinopril
- B. prednisone
- C. hydralazine
- D. carvedilol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, can cause fluid retention and worsen heart failure, so it should be clarified. Lisinopril, hydralazine, and carvedilol are commonly used in heart failure management.
The nurse is teaching a client about newly prescribed nitroglycerin (NTG) sublingual tablets. Which statement, if made by the client, would indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should allow this tablet to dissolve in my cheek.
- B. I should keep the tablets in the dark bottle.
- C. I should take this medication standing up to prevent indigestion.
- D. I should take one tablet every 7 to 10 minutes if I get chest pain.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets should be kept in a dark bottle to protect from light degradation, indicating correct understanding. They dissolve under the tongue, not in the cheek, are taken every 5 minutes for chest pain (up to 3 doses), and standing is not required.