Nokea
The nurse is assessing a client for bacterial meningitis. Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform? Select all that apply.
- A. Oral temperature
- B. Patellar reflexes
- C. Weber and Rinne tests
- D. Glasgow Coma Scale
- E. Orthostatic blood pressure
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Oral temperature assesses for fever, a key symptom of meningitis, and the Glasgow Coma Scale evaluates neurological status, critical for detecting meningitis-related changes.
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The nurse is assessing her prenatal client for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) by looking for risk factors. Which of the following are risks of acquiring an STI? Select all that apply.
- A. Low socioeconomic status
- B. A monogamous relationship
- C. A past history of working in the sex industry
- D. Illicit drug use
- E. History of cancer
- F. Previous history of STIs
Correct Answer: A,C,D,F
Rationale: Low socioeconomic status, sex work, illicit drug use, and previous STIs increase STI risk due to behavioral and social factors.
A nurse is caring for a client who has Lyme disease. The nurse should request a prescription for which medication from the primary healthcare provider?
- A. finasteride
- B. doxycycline
- C. valacyclovir
- D. diphenhydramine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Doxycycline is the first-line antibiotic for treating Lyme disease due to its efficacy against Borrelia burgdorferi.
Which of the following opportunistic illnesses are a sign that a patient with HIV now has AIDS? Select all that apply.
- A. Stomach ulcers
- B. Symptomatic tuberculosis
- C. Toxoplasmosis of the brain
- D. Osteoporosis
- E. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Symptomatic tuberculosis, Toxoplasmosis of the brain, and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia are AIDS-defining conditions indicating advanced HIV disease.
The nurse is assessing a client with suspected Lyme disease. Which of the following findings would support a diagnosis of Lyme disease? Select all that apply.
- A. lymphadenopathy
- B. fatigue
- C. petechial rash
- D. arthralgias
- E. hemoptysis
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Fatigue and arthralgias are common symptoms of Lyme disease, supporting the diagnosis.
The nurse has just completed a continuing education lecture regarding the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which of the following statements by the nurse indicate correct understanding? Select all that apply.
- A. I will clean contaminated surfaces with soap and hot water.
- B. The goal of treatment is for the client's viral load to increase and CD4 cells to decrease.
- C. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PREP) is available to those with risk factors for HIV.
- D. Vertical transmission (mother to fetus) may be reduced with the use of antiretrovirals.
- E. It is possible to spread the infection through contaminated water.
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective for high-risk individuals, and antiretrovirals reduce vertical transmission. HIV is not spread through water, and the treatment goal is to decrease viral load and increase CD4 cells.