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The nurse is assessing a client who just returned from surgery. The nurse checks preoperative vital signs at 0830 to compare them with the current vital signs at 1030 . What action should the nurse take?
- A. Assess the surgical wound
- B. Collect blood cultures
- C. Administer oxygen at 2 L/minute
- D. Encourage by-mouth (PO) fluids
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Changes in vital signs post-surgery may indicate respiratory or circulatory compromise. Administering oxygen at 2 L/minute is a prudent initial action to support oxygenation while further assessment occurs. Wound assessment, blood cultures, or fluids require specific clinical indications.
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The nurse and two unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) are preparing to reposition a client who requires log rolling. Which actions would be appropriate? Select all that apply.
- A. Place a small pillow between the client's knees.
- B. Places the client's arms at their side.
- C. Fanfold a drawsheet along the backside of the client.
- D. Instruct the client to laterally flex the neck during the turn.
- E. Roll the client as one unit in a smooth, continuous motion.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Pillow placement, arms at sides, drawsheet use, and rolling as a unit maintain spinal alignment. Neck flexion risks injury during log rolling.
The purpose of a health assessment is to:
- A. Obtain subjective and objective data
- B. Outline appropriate care
- C. Determine whether interventions are effective
- D. Intervene to correct difficulties
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Health assessments collect subjective and objective data to inform care planning. Outlining care, evaluating interventions, or correcting issues are subsequent steps.
The nurse is caring for a client newly admitted to the medical-surgical unit. Which clinical data is most helpful in assessing the client's fall risk?
- A. observing the client's gait and balance
- B. the client's ability to turn from side to side while in bed
- C. interviewing close family members about the client's gait and balance
- D. the client's self-report on their gait and balance
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Direct observation of gait and balance provides the most reliable data for assessing fall risk.
The nurse is caring for a postoperative client who is ordered to use an incentive spirometer. The nurse understands that this device will help prevent which complication?
- A. venous thromboembolism
- B. obstructive sleep apnea
- C. hypostatic pneumonia
- D. aspiration pneumonia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Incentive spirometry promotes lung expansion and prevents atelectasis, reducing the risk of hypostatic pneumonia in postoperative clients with limited mobility. It does not directly prevent venous thromboembolism, obstructive sleep apnea, or aspiration pneumonia.
Following scheduled radioactive iodine therapy in a nuclear medicine department, a nurse is speaking with a client following the client's ingestion of radioactive iodine regarding strategies to avoid radiating the client's family members. The nurse recognizes the need for additional client teaching when the client states:
- A. I understand the need to avoid sharing food or utensils with others.
- B. My children will miss my hugs and kisses for the next week.
- C. I'll travel for a couple of weeks to prevent my family from receiving radiation from me.
- D. I understand the need to flush the toilet with the lid closed two to three times after each use.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Traveling for weeks is excessive and unnecessary. Avoiding shared items, limiting close contact, and double flushing are appropriate to reduce radiation exposure.