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The nurse is assessing a new patient who has recently immigrated to CanadWhich of the following questions is appropriate to add to the health history questionnaire?
- A. "Why did you come to Canada?"
- B. "When did you come to Canada, and from which country?"
- C. "What made you leave your home country?"
- D. "Are you planning to return to your home country?"
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. It is important to know when the patient immigrated and from which country for understanding potential health risks, cultural factors, and access to healthcare. Choice A is too broad and may not yield relevant health information. Choice C focuses on personal reasons for leaving the home country, which may not be medically relevant. Choice D is forward-looking and may not be necessary for the initial assessment.
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Why is the concept of prevention essential in describing health?
- A. Disease can be prevented by treating the external environment.
- B. Most deaths among Canadians under age 65 are not preventable.
- C. Prevention places emphasis on the link between health and personal behaviour.
- D. The means to prevention is through treatment provided by primary health care practitioners.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because prevention emphasizes the importance of personal behavior in maintaining health. It highlights the role of individual choices in preventing diseases and promoting well-being. A is incorrect because prevention focuses on proactive measures rather than treating external factors. B is incorrect as it contradicts the importance of prevention in reducing preventable deaths. D is incorrect because prevention is about avoiding health issues before they occur, not treating them after they have developed.
A pregnant woman states, "I just know labour will be so painful that I won't be able to stand it. I know it sounds awful, but I really dread going into labour." The nurse responds by stating, "Oh, don't worry about labour so much. I have been through it myself, and yes, it is painful, but there are many good medications to decrease the pain." Which of the following statements about this response is true?
- A. It was a nontherapeutic response. By providing false reassurance, the nurse actually cut off further discussion of the woman's fears.
- B. It was a therapeutic response. The nurse should have shared her own experience with the patient to make her feel better.
- C. It was a nontherapeutic response. The nurse is essentially giving the message to the woman that labour cannot be tolerated without medication.
- D. It was a therapeutic response. By providing false assurance, the nurse created a sense of security and opened the door for more discussion.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the nurse's response was therapeutic by sharing her own experience to empathize with the patient. This helps establish a connection and validate the patient's feelings. It shows understanding without dismissing the patient's concerns.
A is incorrect because the nurse did not provide false reassurance but offered a comforting perspective.
C is incorrect as the nurse did not imply that medication was necessary but rather highlighted its availability as an option.
D is incorrect since the response did not provide false assurance but rather shared personal experience to offer support.
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of asthma. The nurse should monitor for which of the following signs of an asthma exacerbation?
- A. Decreased work of breathing.
- B. Increased wheezing and shortness of breath.
- C. Improved oxygen saturation.
- D. Decreased sputum production.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased wheezing and shortness of breath. During an asthma exacerbation, bronchial airways become inflamed and narrowed, leading to increased wheezing and shortness of breath. This is a classic sign of worsening asthma. Other choices are incorrect because: A) Decreased work of breathing is not expected in an asthma exacerbation as the patient usually struggles to breathe. C) Improved oxygen saturation is unlikely as airway obstruction can lead to decreased oxygen levels. D) Decreased sputum production is not a typical sign of asthma exacerbation; in fact, increased sputum production may occur due to airway inflammation.
A patient with diabetes is being discharged after a prolonged hospitalization. Which of the following should the nurse include in discharge instructions?
- A. The patient should check their blood glucose levels regularly.
- B. The patient should stop taking insulin once they feel better.
- C. The patient should exercise vigorously every day.
- D. The patient should avoid all carbohydrates.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Regularly checking blood glucose levels is crucial for diabetic patients to monitor their condition and adjust treatment as needed. This helps in managing blood sugar levels effectively and preventing complications.
Choice B is incorrect because stopping insulin abruptly can lead to dangerous fluctuations in blood sugar levels.
Choice C is incorrect because while exercise is important for diabetic patients, vigorous exercise every day may not be suitable for everyone and should be discussed with healthcare providers.
Choice D is incorrect as carbohydrates are an essential source of energy and nutrients for the body. Diabetic patients can still consume carbohydrates in controlled portions as part of a balanced diet.
A patient who is recovering from surgery is experiencing nauseWhat is the nurse's best action?
- A. Offer the patient clear fluids immediately.
- B. Administer an antiemetic as prescribed.
- C. Wait for the nausea to subside on its own.
- D. Assess the patient's vital signs to check for a potential infection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer an antiemetic as prescribed. Administering an antiemetic helps alleviate nausea and vomiting, providing relief to the patient. This action is based on evidence-based practice and helps improve the patient's comfort and well-being. Offering clear fluids immediately (choice A) may exacerbate nausea. Waiting for the nausea to subside on its own (choice C) may prolong the patient's discomfort. Assessing vital signs (choice D) is important but may not directly address the immediate symptom of nausea.