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The nurse is assessing a patient with anxiety and observes the patient yelling and screaming. The nurse, integrating Peplau?s theory, interprets this behavior as which of the following?
- A. Panic behaviors
- B. Relief behaviors
- C. Empathetic linkage
- D. Social distance
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peplau?s theory describes anxiety levels, with panic behaviors (e.g., yelling and screaming) occurring at severe or panic levels, indicating overwhelming distress. Relief behaviors reduce anxiety, empathetic linkage involves shared emotions, and social distance is not a Peplau concept.
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While working with an older male patient, the nurse begins to think that the patient reminds the nurse of her grandfather and responds as if she was the granddaughter. The nurse is developing which of the following?
- A. Empathy
- B. Transference
- C. Countertransference
- D. Modeling
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Countertransference occurs when the nurse projects personal feelings or experiences onto the patient, such as responding as if the patient were her grandfather. Transference is the patient?s projection onto the nurse, empathy is understanding the patient?s feelings, and modeling involves demonstrating behaviors.
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about the various nursing theorists and their application to psychiatric-mental health nursing. The students demonstrate understanding when they identify which theorist as responsible for developing the theory of cultural care diversity and universality?
- A. Madeleine Leininger
- B. Sister Calista Roy
- C. Hildegard Peplau
- D. Dorothea Orem
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Madeleine Leininger developed the theory of cultural care diversity and universality, emphasizing culturally congruent care. Roy developed the adaptation model, Peplau focused on interpersonal relations, and Orem created the self-care deficit theory.
When integrating the Neuman systems model while caring for a patient with a mood disorder, the nurse would focus on which of the following about the patient?
- A. Behaviors
- B. Relationships
- C. Self-care activities
- D. Stressors
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Neuman systems model views the patient as a system affected by stressors. Nurses focus on identifying and managing stressors to maintain system stability. Behaviors, relationships, and self-care are secondary to addressing stressors in this model.
A nurse is developing a plan of care integrating Maslow?s hierarchy of needs. Which of the following would the nurse identify as the priority?
- A. Activity level
- B. Predictable social environment
- C. Acceptance from family
- D. Positive self-image
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maslow?s hierarchy prioritizes physiological needs, followed by safety needs, which include a predictable social environment for stability and security. Activity level (physiological), acceptance from family (love/belonging), and positive self-image (esteem) are higher-level needs addressed after safety.
The nurse is integrating Peplau?s model when providing care to a patient with a mental illness. Which of the following would the nurse identify as a key component?
- A. Suffering
- B. Anxiety
- C. Self-care
- D. Nonverbal behaviors
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hildegard Peplau?s interpersonal model identifies anxiety as a key component, as it drives patient behavior and influences the nurse-patient relationship. The model focuses on therapeutic interactions to address anxiety. Suffering is less specific, self-care aligns with Orem, and nonverbal behaviors are secondary.