Nokea
The nurse is assessing an older adult from a different culture using the explanatory model. Which question(s) should the nurse ask? (Select all that apply.)
- A. How can we negotiate to solve the problem?
- B. What treatment can improve your condition?
- C. Should we try my plan first to see if it helps?
- D. How long have you experienced the problem?
Correct Answer: B, E, F
Rationale: The correct answers are B, E, and F. B is correct because understanding what treatment can improve the condition is essential for culturally sensitive care. E is correct as it helps understand the patient's beliefs about the cause of the illness. F is correct to assess the impact of the illness on the patient's life. A is incorrect as it focuses more on negotiation rather than understanding the patient's perspective. C is incorrect as it assumes the nurse's plan is superior without considering the patient's beliefs. D is incorrect as it only focuses on the duration of the problem rather than the patient's explanatory model.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which nursing intervention would not help a patient with xerostomia?
- A. Using humidifiers
- B. Using mouth rinses or artificial saliva products
- C. Providing sugar free hard candies
- D. Increasing medications from once a day to twice a day
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because increasing medications would not directly address xerostomia. Xerostomia is dry mouth, often caused by decreased saliva production. Using humidifiers (A) helps increase moisture in the air, mouth rinses/artificial saliva (B) lubricate the mouth, and sugar-free hard candies (C) stimulate saliva production. Increasing medications (D) would not target the root cause of xerostomia and may even exacerbate dry mouth symptoms.
A patient is instructed in the use of pursed lip breathing. The patient asks the nurse the purpose of this technique of breathing pattern. The nurse's best response would be:
- A. Pursed lip breathing exercises help prevent the build-up of secretions
- B. You will be more comfortable if you pursed lip breathe
- C. Pursed lip breathing increases the strength of the respiratory muscles
- D. Pursed lip breathing prevents airway collapse, decreases anxiety, and enhances effective breathing
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because pursed lip breathing helps prevent airway collapse by maintaining positive pressure in the airways, reduces anxiety by promoting relaxation, and enhances effective breathing by improving oxygen exchange. Choice A is incorrect as pursed lip breathing does not directly prevent the build-up of secretions. Choice B is incorrect as comfort is not the primary purpose of pursed lip breathing. Choice C is incorrect as while pursed lip breathing can improve respiratory muscle function, its primary benefit lies in preventing airway collapse, reducing anxiety, and promoting effective breathing.
Which of the following best describes the concept of "cognitive reserve" in older adults?
- A. It refers to the brain's ability to compensate for damage through enhanced neurogenesis.
- B. It refers to the relationship between cognitive decline and physical health.
- C. It is the brain's ability to maintain function despite age-related changes and pathology.
- D. It is the process of developing new cognitive abilities later in life.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "It is the brain's ability to maintain function despite age-related changes and pathology." Cognitive reserve in older adults refers to the brain's ability to withstand age-related changes and pathology while maintaining cognitive function. This concept suggests that individuals with higher cognitive reserve may show fewer cognitive deficits even in the presence of brain damage or pathology.
Choice A is incorrect because cognitive reserve is not about compensating for damage through enhanced neurogenesis but rather about maintaining function despite changes.
Choice B is incorrect because cognitive reserve is not specifically about the relationship between cognitive decline and physical health; it focuses on maintaining cognitive function.
Choice D is incorrect because cognitive reserve is not about developing new cognitive abilities later in life but rather preserving existing cognitive function.
The nurse provides opportunities for nursing home residents to read aloud to others. Which cognitive skill is this nursing intervention most likely to improve?
- A. Verbal fluency
- B. Logical analysis
- C. Object naming
- D. Visuospatial skills
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Verbal fluency is the correct answer because reading aloud improves language skills, vocabulary, and verbal expression. It requires cognitive processes like word retrieval, organization, and articulation. Logical analysis (B) is not directly related to reading aloud. Object naming (C) focuses on identifying objects visually, not verbally. Visuospatial skills (D) involve understanding and manipulating visual information, not verbal expression. Reading aloud specifically targets verbal fluency by enhancing communication abilities and language processing.
What is the primary reason that older adults often experience adverse drug reactions?
- A. Their body metabolizes drugs faster than younger adults
- B. They typically take fewer medications
- C. They have slower renal and hepatic function
- D. They have better immune function
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because older adults often experience adverse drug reactions due to their slower renal and hepatic function. This leads to a decreased ability to clear drugs from the body efficiently, increasing the risk of drug accumulation and toxicity. Choice A is incorrect because aging typically results in slower drug metabolism, not faster. Choice B is also incorrect as older adults tend to take more medications, increasing the likelihood of drug interactions and adverse reactions. Choice D is incorrect because aging is associated with a decline in immune function, making older adults more susceptible to adverse drug reactions.